Old times
-Combination of the VA & NJ Plans
-House of Representatives would be based on population to please the large states
-Senate would be base on equality (2 senate per state) to please the smaller states
The Great Compromise
system that the founding fathers came up with for selecting the president and vice president
Electoral College
Main author of the Bill of Rights
Father of the Constitution
James Madison
soldiers cannot stay in your house without your permission
Amendment lll
-No excessive bail
-No excessive fines
-No cruel and unusual punishments
Amendment Vlll (Eight)
-First constitution of the United States
-was replaced by the constitution due to its many flaws
Articles of Confederation
-power is divided between the national and state government
If a state law conflicts with federal lase the federal lase has supremacy (wins)
Federalism
When asked what type of government the New Constitution would have, he replied, "a republic, if you can keep it"
Benjamin Franklin
They were passed all at once added to the Constitution in 1791
Contain the basic rights and freedoms shared by all Americans
Bill of Rights
Police need a warrant or probable cause to search private property
Amendment IV (Four)
-Wrote a series of essays called the Federalist Papers
to encourage states to ratify the constitution
-Led by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton
-Supporters of the Constitution & stronger central government
-
Federalists
Compromise between northern and southern states at the constitutional convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the house of representative
Three-Fifths Compromise
-elected as president of the Constitutional Convention
-First President
George Washington
-Right to a grand jury in capital cases
-Nor double jeopardy(cant be tried for the same crime twice)
-Right to remain silent;you do not have to be a witness against yourself
-Right to Due Process of Law=the government must follow proper legal procedures before deciding whether someone is guilty or not (Innocent until proven guilty)
-The government must pay you a fair price if they need to take your property "eminent domain"
Amendment V
-Right to a speedy and public trial
-Right to an impartial jury
-Right to be informed of all the charges against you
-Right to face witnesses in court
-Right to call witnesses in court
-Right to a lawyer
Amendment VI (six)
-Additions or changes to the constitution
-There are a total of 27 of them that have been added to the constitution since it was ratify
Amendments
-meeting of delegates in 1787 at the Independence Hall in Philadelphia
-originally called to revise the Articles of Confederation
-It insisted of designing a new plan of government, US Constitution
Constitutional Convention
-The United States is a republic=form of government where citizens elect representatives to represent them
-Each State must allow citizens to choose their own representatives through elections
Republicanism
Right to a trial by jury in federal court cases
Amendment Vll (seven)
Any powers that are not listed or outlawed by the constitution are given to the states and or local governments (reserved powers)
Amendment X
-Opponents of ratification of the constitution and of a strong central government
-Many eventually agreed to ratify the constitution in exchange for a Bill of Rights that would be added later
-Led by George Mason, Samuel Adams, and Patrick Henry
Antifederalists
-The Constitution went into effect on March 9,1789
-New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify on June 22,1788
-9 out of 13 were required to ratify (approve) the constitution in order for it to go into effect
Ratification of the Constitution
-Its job is to introduce the constitution, explain what the constitution is meant to do and describe the purpose of the new government
-the introduction to the constitution
the Preamble
American citizens have other rights besides the one listed in the Constitution
Amendment lX (Nine)
the goverment gets its power from the people
exlample: The preamble of the constitution states thisin its first three words, "We the People"
Popular Sovereignity