Earth's Place in the Universe
What is the best predictor of the relative age of a layer of rock?
position of the layer
In which ocean zone is ocean temperature most affected by the weather?
surface zone
What happens to a body of water if there is too much nitrogen present?
There is an increase in algal growth.
Why is solar energy considered a renewable resource, while coal is considered a nonrenwenable resource?
Solar energy is unlimited in supply, while coal takes millions of years to form.
Define stratigraphy
the study of layers
What role do index fossils play in understanding Earth's history?
They determine the relative age of other fossils found in the same layers of rock.
What explains the movement of surface water in North Carolina?
Water flows east from the mountains downhill toward the ocean.
What factors must be maintained at healthy levels to guarantee the safe and potable water supply required for human health?
If significant amounts of fossil fuels continue to be used to support energy needs, what will be a negative impact for our planet?
increased levels of carbon dioxide, leading to warmer global climates
Define eutrophication
the process of becoming well-nourished
What is the most accurate method scientists can use to estimate Earth's age?
radioactive dating
What best explains how the hydrosphere is impacted by glacial periods (an ice age)?
The availability of fresh water decreases as more water is frozen at the poles.
Why do biologists use indicator species?
to monitor water quality and biodiversity
How could rising global temperatures impact a coastal community, like the Outer Banks of North Carolina.
Coastal communities will see an increase in flooding from rising sea levels and stronger storms.
Define coagulation
the process of bringing together into a clump
If a fault cuts through multiple layers of rock, which is most likely true?
An earthquake happened after the layers formed.
How would local river basins most likely be affected by the development of a new city along the basin?
Water would become more polluted and scarce.
What could be the cause of low biodiversity in a pond?
poor water quality
Which energy source would be most affected by the depletion of uranium?
nuclear energy
Define uniformitarianism
one shape
volcano
Why are estuaries considered environmental filters?
The plants and animals filter pollutants out of the water.
Why is nonpoint source pollution more challenging to monitor and prevent than point source pollution?
The source of pollution is more difficult to identify.
What factor is important when classifying resources as renewable or nonrenewable?
Whether or not a resource is quickly replenished.
Define permeable
capable of being passed through