Background
What medieval code of conduct, followed by knights, emphasized the protection of the vulnerable and fair treatment of others?
Chivalry
What did the Aztecs practise, as part of their religion, that horrified the Spaniards?
Human sacrifice
Martin Luther objected to the Church selling indulgences. According to the Catholic Church, what are indulgences?
The reduction of a soul's time in Purgatory.
What German city did radical Anabaptists take control of in 1533-1534, believing it would become the "New Jerusalem"?
Münster.
Why did King Henry VIII of England break from the Catholic Church?
His primary motivation was to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, who had not produced a male heir.
What do BC and AD stand for?
Before Christ and Anno Domini
What Spanish leader formed alliances with other native Americans, in order to defeat the Aztecs?
Cortez
Martin Luther argued for "sola scriptura". What does sola scriptura mean?
Scripture (the Bible) alone is the source of all that we know about God.
Who established himself as the "king" of Münster, instituting polygamy and ruling through terror during the Anabaptist rebellion?
John of Leiden
Which of Henry VIII's six wives was the mother of the future Queen Elizabeth I?
Anne Boleyn
Whose challenge does Sir Gawan accept?
The Green Knight
What is "religious syncretism", which happened among many Mexican Natives, after being exposed to Christianity?
Martin Luther argued for "sola fides". What does sola fides mean?
Salvation comes from faith alone, and not from works or rituals.
What objects from the Münster Rebellion are still displayed on St. Lambert's Church today as a historical warning?
The iron cages in which the executed Anabaptist leaders' bodies were displayed.
What was the primary economic motivation for Henry VIII's dissolution of the monasteries?
To seize the immense wealth and land owned by the monasteries for the Crown.
What was the dominant cultural and political influence in Western Europe between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Modern Age?
Christianity
Name two of things that motivated the Spanish to conquered Mexico and South America?
1. The pursuit of wealth, particularly gold and silver,
2. The desire for political power and land,
3. Spreading Christianity.
What was John Calvin's doctrine of predestination?
That God predestined every human to either heaven or hell, before he created them.
The Anabaptist rebellion in Münster occurred in the aftermath of what major social upheaval in Germany from 1524-1525?
The German Peasants' War
Thomas More famously stated he was "the King's good servant, but _____ first."
God's
In what year did Columbus "discover" America?
1492
What killed more of the Aztecs and other Native Americans than anything else, after the Europeans arrived?
Diseases introduced by the Spanish, especially smallpox, killed the vast majority of Aztecs.
When did Martin Luther nail his "95 theses" to the church door in Wittenburg, sparking the Reformation?
October 31, 1517
Modern Anabaptist groups like the Mennonites, Amish, and Hutterites are known for what core principle that contrasts with the Münster rebels?
Pacifism
How many wives did Henry VIII have?
Six