Unit 1
Newton's First Law of Motion is also known as the Law of:
Inertia
To precisely locate an earthquake's epicenter, scientists use a technique that requires finding the intersection point of circles drawn from at least __________ different seismograph stations.
3
Which wave is faster, P-waves or S-waves?
P-waves
Which type of wave MUST have a material medium (like air, water, or a solid) to travel through?
Mechanical Waves
Which layer of the Earth can S-waves not travel through?
Outer Core
In the same plant growth experiment, what is the dependent variable?
Height of the plants
When two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally, what type of boundary is formed?
Transform Boundary
What was the name of the supercontinent that is believed to have existed millions of years ago.
Pangea
What term is used to describe the lowest point of a transverse wave?
Trough
The Hawaiian Islands were formed over a stationary plume of magma rising from the mantle, which is called a __________________.
Hot spot
Which of the following is an example of a controlled variable in the plant growth experiment?
Type of soil
What is the process called when one tectonic plate sinks beneath another at a convergent boundary?
Subduction
Which layer of the Earth has convection currents and flows as a thick, semi-solid.
Mantle
When sound waves travel through a solid material and then enter the air, what part of the wave changes to cause it to bend or change direction?
Speed
The ____________ is the exact location on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake rupture occurs.
Epicenter
In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth, what is the independent variable?
Amount of fertilizer
Which type of plate boundary is primarily responsible for creating new seafloor (oceanic crust) at a mid-ocean ridge?
Divergent Boundary
Which type of crust is generally thinner yet more dense?
Oceanic
Name a common practical application of Infrared waves?
Remote control, reduce inflammation
What natural shield exists in the atmosphere that helps absorb some UV rays before they reach Earth?
Ozone layer
List the six steps of the scientific method in order.
1. Observation/Question
2. Research
3. Hypothesis
4. Testing
5. Conclusion
6. Share
The intense heat in Earth's mantle that causes the tectonic plates to move is transferred by a process called _________________.
Convection/Convection Currents
Describe the orientation and function of the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.
Lithosphere floats on top of asthenosphere which flows slowly beneath it
Which of the following lists the seven types of electromagnetic waves in order from lowest to highest frequency?
Radio, Micro, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-ray, Gamma
Which ratio is the most important when determining how air resistance affects a falling object?
Mass:Surface area