Properties of Matter
The property of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition
What is a physical property
The state of matter where particles are far apart, moving randomly and rapidly, and have a variable shape and volume
What is a gas
The subatomic particle that determines an element's identity
What is the proton
The substance that is dissolved in a solution, versus the substance that does the dissolving
What is a solute
The starting substances in a chemical equation, located on the left side of the arrow
What are reactants
The specific chemical property that describes a substance's ability to burn or react with oxygen to produce light and heat
What is flammability
A chemical change that results in the formation of a new solid from two liquids, often seen as a cloudy settlement
What is a percipitate
An atom which has more or fewer electrons than protons
What is an ion
The bond type formed by the transfer of electrons, typically between a metal and a nonmetal
What is an ionic bond
The type of reaction represented by the equation A + B -> AB
What is synthesis
The formula for density
What is mass over volume
The phase change that occurs when a liquid turns into a gas only at the surface, such as water vapor rising from a lake
What is evaporation
The term for the vertical columns (1-18) on the periodic table, where elements share similar chemical properties
What is a group (or family)
The kind of bond which involves sharing valence electrons
What is a covalent bond
The property which does not change in a chemical reaction
What is mass
The ability for one substance to dissolve in another
What is solubility
The change in the form or appearance of a substance, such as freezing water into ice, that does not change its chemical identity
What is a physical change
The rule of 8 determining which elements bond to each other
What is the octet rule
A representation of a chemical including the identity and number of its elements (e.g. H2O and CO2)
What is a chemical formula
The function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction
What is lowering activation energy
The property which causes ice to float on water
What is density
The name of a change in state from solid to gas
What is sublimation
The name of the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
What are valence electrons
The subatomic particles associated with atomic bonding
What are electrons
The term for a reaction that releases thermal energy, causing the surroundings to feel hot
What is exothermic