Vocab 1
________________ is the speed and direction of an
object’s motion
velocity
___________________ is the starting point you choose to describe the
location, or position of an object
reference point
A complete description of position must include what 3 things?
distance, direction and reference point
According to Newton's second law of motion (formula), what is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
Acceleration equals net force divided by mass
What does Newton's 3rd law state?
when one object exerts a force on another object, the forces the objects apply to each are equal in strength but opposite in direction
_____________ is the process of changing position
motion
____________________ is the difference between the initial (first) position and the final position of an object.
displacement
What is the difference between distance and displacement?
Distance is the length of the path traveled, while displacement is the difference between initial and final positions
According to Newton's first law of motion, what happens when the net force on an object is zero?
The object's motion does not change
Why don't force pairs cancel each other out even though they're equal and opposite?
Because each force acts on a different object
___________ is the measure of the distance an object travels per unit of time.
speed
_________________ is a measure of the change in velocity during a period of time
acceleration
How is average speed calculated?
distance divided by time
What is a free-body diagram used for?
To help understand the forces acting on an object
What type of collision occurs when objects stick together after impact?
inelastic
________________ is an object’s distance in a certain direction from a reference point
position
______________________ is the forces two objects apply to each other
force pair
A cyclist travels 1,200 meters in 240 seconds. What is the average speed?
5 m/s
What factors affect the force of friction?
Surface roughness, surface area, and weight
A _______________________ is A region of space where gravitational force exists at every point
gravitational field
________________ is a quantity that has magnitude and direction
vector
_________________ is the gravitational force exerted on an object
weight
On a distance-time graph, what does a straight line represent?
How is acceleration calculated?
Acceleration = force divided by mass
What determines the strength of gravitational force between objects?
both mass and distance between objects