Matter
What is the number on the periodic table that tells you how many protons an atom has?
The atomic number
Energy stored in food that our bodies use is this type of energy.
Chemical energy
What is the distance between two crests or two troughs of a wave called?
Wavelength
The buildup of electrical charges on the surface of an object is called this.
Static electricity
This is defined as the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
Inertia
An atom has 16 protons, 16 electrons, and 18 neutrons. What is the mass number?
34
When you stretch a rubber band and release it, describe the energy transformation that occurs.
Elastic potential energy changes into kinetic energy.
When a wave bounces off a surface, this interaction occurs.
Materials that allow electricity to pass through easily are called this.
Conductors
This is the force resisting the motion of two surfaces coming in contact with each other.
Friction
Compare a physical change and a chemical change by describing one key difference between them.
A physical change changes form or state but not the substance.
A chemical change forms a new substance.
Wind kinetic energy to mechanical energy to electrical energy
The sound becomes louder because the amplitude relates to volume.
Two magnets are brought close together, and they push away from each other. Explain what is happening.
If the forces acting on an object are balanced, what happens to it motion?
The object remains at rest or continues moving at a constant speed.
A student dissolves salt in water.
Is this a mixture or a pure substance?
Provide evidence that your answer is correct.
Mixture. Salt water is a mixture because it consists of two or more substances that are combined physically and can be separated by physical means.
A roller coaster is at the top of a hill and begins to move down. Describe how the energy changes during this motion.
Potential energy decreases, and kinetic energy increases as it moves down.
A wave has a short wavelength and a very high frequency.
Where would this wave most likely fall on the electromagnetic spectrum?
Toward the gamma ray end
Explain how electricity and magnetism are related in an electromagnet.
Electric current flows from a battery through a wire, creating a magnetic field.
A heavier object and a lighter object are dropped from the same height. If air resistance is ignored, what happens and why?
They will hit the ground at the same time (if air resistance is ignored) because gravity accelerates all objects toward Earth at the same rate, regardless of their mass.
A student mixes vinegar and baking soda in a sealed bag.
a)What type of change occurs?
b)What evidence shows this change happened?
c) According to the law of conservation of matter, what happens to the mass before and after the reaction?
a)Chemical change
b)Gas production/bubbling/temperature change
c)The mass stays the same because matter is conserved (gas is produced, but it stays inside the sealed bag)
A battery powers a flashlight.
a)What type of energy is stored in the battery?
b)What energy transformation occurs when the flashlight turns on?
a)Chemical energy
b)Chemical to electrical to light and heat
A student shines a flashlight through three materials: glass, wax paper, and cardboard.
a)Which material will transit the most light?
b)Which material will absorb the most light?
c)Which material will scatter the light?
a)Glass (transparent)
b) Cardboard (opaque)
c)Wax paper (translucent)
A student builds an electromagnet using a battery, wire, and an iron nail.
a)What happens to the magnetic strength is the student adds more wire coils?
b)What happens is the battery is removed?
a)Magnetic strength increases
b)Magnetism stops
A car is driving down the road.
a)Name two forces acting on the car while it moves.
b)According to Newton's First Law, what will happen if no forces act on the car?
a)Engine force, friction, air resistance, gravity
b)It will continue moving at a constant speed in the same direction unless acted on by an unbalanced force.