Matter, Atoms and Molecules
Define Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Is chopping wood a chemical or physical change?
Physical change
What is the ultimate source of energy on Earth
The Sun
Define Energy
The ability to do work
True or False: Wavelength and Frequency are inversely proportional
True: as waves get longer they become less frequent
Arrange from largest to smallest: Proton, Electron, Neutron
Neutron, Proton, Electron
Is burning wood a chemical or physical change?
chemical change
What is the relationship between Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy
They are inversely proportional (as on goes up the other goes down)
What is Newtons's Second law of motion
Force = Mass x Acceleration
What type of waves do not need a medium to travel?
The number of Protons in the nucleus of an atom (every element has a unique number of protons, the atomic number is used to help identify an element)
What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?
physical changes do not impact the atomic/chemical makeup up of a substance whereas chemical changes do. Chemical changes how the atoms and molecules of a substance are arranged.
Define Thermal Energy
Thermal Energy is energy created by the movement of particles (atoms)
On Earth, what is the acceleration due to gravity?
9.8 m/s2
Define Wave:
A disturbance (vibration) in a medium that carriers energy but not matter
How is atomic mass calculated?
Atomic mass is determined by adding the number of protons to the number of neutrons
What are endothermic and exothermic reactions?
Endothermic: absorb energy
Exothermic: release energy
Describe and Explain: one of the alternate forms of potential energy? What conditions create this potential for work?
Elastic Potential Energy, Chemical Potential Energy, Electrical Potential Energy, Nuclear Potential Energy, Magnetic Potential Energy
How can you tell if a force is balanced or unbalanced?
Balanced forces result in a net force of 0 (no change in motion). Unbalanced for have a net force greater than 0 (will be a change in motion).
What is the unit of measurement for frequency?
Hertz (HZ)
How is the periodic table arranged?
By increasing atomic number. Also divided into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
NaCl breaks down into what 2 elements?
Sodium and Chloride
Name 3 forms of PE & 3 forms of KE.
PE: gravitational, elastic, chemical, nuclear, electric
KE: mechanical, thermal, sound, radiant (light)
Name the 6 contact forces & the 3 non-contact forces.
Contact: applied, normal, frictional, air resistance, spring, tensional
Non-contact: gravitational, magnetic, electrical
What is the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and energy?
The longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency, and the less energy.
The shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency and the more energy.