Spiral Review
Unit 1: Pure Substances and Mixtures
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. The two metals are melted, mixed, and then solidified. Brass is best classified as this type of mixture.
What is homogenous mixture?
This type of energy is stored in an object due to its position, shape, or state.
What is potential energy?
The Law of Conservation of Energy states this...
What is energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed into different forms?
These are the 6 forms that energy transform into.
What are MR CENT: Mechanical, Radiant (Electromagnetic), Chemical, Electrical, Nuclear, Thermal?
These are the three main ways energy transfer from hot to cold in matter.
What are conduction, convection, and radiation?
Unit 1: States of Matter
Describe how the kinetic energy of water molecules change when ice melts.
What is the kinetic energy increases?
This type of energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.
What is kinetic energy?
True or false: energy can be destroyed?
What is false?
Nicholas is using his oven to bake cookies for his family. Energy is transformed from _____ energy --> electrical energy --> heat energy.
Daily Double (Total points are doubled if this question is answered correctly. Total points are halved if this question is answered incorrectly.)
What is light/solar/electromagnetic energy?
Describe the movement of atoms and the flow of thermal energy in a metal spoon when you leave it sitting in a pot of boiling water.
What is the atoms vibrate faster and the heat transfers from the water to the spoon?
Unit 1: Physical and Chemical Properties/Changes
Explain what type of observable evidence proves that a chemical reaction occurs when you mix baking soda and vinegar in a test tube with a balloon covering the opening.
What is a new gas is observed when bubbles form in the test tube?
What is the balloon on top of the test tube expands when a new gas forms?
As a skateboarder rolls down a ramp from the top, this energy transformation takes place.
What is potential energy converting into kinetic energy?
A ball dropped from a height of 10 meters bounces back up to a height of 7 meters. Explain where the missing potential energy went.
What is it was transformed into thermal energy (heat) and mechanical energy (movement and sound) during the impact with the ground?
When an electric toaster is plugged in and turned on, electrical energy is primarily transformed into this type of energy.
What is thermal energy? (or heat energy)
Maddison puts her warm hand on a cold metal doorknob. Thermal energy will transfer in this way.
What is from her warm hand to the cold doorknob?
Unit 1: Atomic Structure
Calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons present in a neutral atom of sodium which has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23.
Daily Double (Total points are doubled if this question is answered correctly. Total points are halved if this question is answered incorrectly.)
What is 11 protons, 11 electrons, and 12 neutrons?
At the exact lowest point of a pendulum's swing, the pendulum has maximum _____ energy and minimum _____ energy.
What are kinetic energy and potential energy?
A biker rides over a 20 meter tall hill. Without changing his mass, he can achieve an increase in his maximum potential energy by doing this.
What is he rides over a taller hill?
A battery-powered flashlight demonstrates this two-step energy transformation when turned on.
______ --> ______ --> ______ + ______
What is chemical energy to electrical energy, which then converts to light energy (and thermal energy)?
This heat transfer process causes cooler, denser water to sink beneath warmer water.
What is convection?
Unit 1: Conservation of Matter
C3H8 + 5O2 --> 4H2O + 3CO2
In this combustion reaction, the products include...
What are water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)?
The gravitational potential energy of an object depends on the mass of the object, the strength of the gravitational field, and the _____ of the object relative to the ground.
What is the height of the object?
On a skating ramp, the total energy will be highest at these points.
What are all points on the ramp? Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, so total energy remains constant.
Trace the full sequence of energy transformations that begins with a nuclear power plant and ends with your alarm clock waking you up.
What is nuclear energy --> electrical --> radiant/light (electromagnetic) + sound?
Vacuum-insulated water bottles (like a Hydro Flask or Thermos) have a double wall with empty space (a vacuum) between them. Explain how this design prevents heat transfer by conduction and convection.
What is neither conduction nor convection can travel through a vacuum. Only radiation can travel through a vacuum.