Earth History/Evolution
Diseases/Biotech
Hydrosphere
Chemistry
Ecosystem/Molecular Biology
100
According to this diagram of rock layers, which layer would contain the oldest fossils?
Layer F
100
Which of the following statements explains how bacteria and viruses reproduce?
A.Viruses need to attach to host cells to reproduce, but bacteria do not.
B. Bacteria need to attach to host cells to reproduce, but viruses do not.
C. Bacteria and viruses both need to attach to host cells to reproduce.
D. Viruses and bacteria can both reproduce without attaching to host cells.
A.Viruses need to attach to host cells to reproduce, but bacteria do not.
100
Which of the following best describes why estuaries are important resources?
A. They help stabilize the global climate.
B. They are the world's richest sources of precious metals.
C. They prevent weathering of rock from slopes and cliffs.
D. They are among the most productive types of ecosystems.
D. They are among the most productive types of ecosystems.
100
The substances in a chemical reaction that are combined or separated to form new substances are the _______.
A. chemical equations
B. coefficients
C. reactants
D. products
C. reactants
100
A population of 120 rabbits lives in a prairie ecosystem. Which of these might prevent this population from growing any larger?
A. a decreasing amount of predators
B. an increasing amount of edible plant life
C. a disease with a high mortality rate
D. a decreasing amount of competition for space
C. a disease with a high mortality rate
200
Marine mammals have many structural characteristics in common with fishes. The explanation that evolutionary theory would give for this similarity is:
A. Fish and mammals are closely related
B. Fish evolved structures similar to those already existing in mammals
C. Marine mammals evolved directly from the fishes
D. Marine mammals never developed use of limbs
A. fish and mammals are closely related
200
Which of the following statements explains why antibiotics are ineffective for treating influenza?
A. Antibiotics are only effective against fungi.
B. Antibiotics are only effective against bacteria.
C. Antibiotics should not be used to treat any type of infection.
D. Antibiotics are only effective against certain viruses.
B. Antibiotics are only effective against bacteria.
200
Just like land animals, marine fish breathe oxygen. They do so by directing a flow of ocean water over their gills. What can you conclude from this information?
A. Ocean water undergoes fission inside fish gills.
B. Fish must come to the surface of the ocean regularly in order to breathe.
C. Fish excrete cellular wastes through their gills.
D. Ocean water contains a large amount of dissolved oxygen gas.
D. Ocean water contains a large amount of dissolved oxygen gas.
200
Gasoline is a substance that is used to power automobiles. Gasoline will oxidize in air.
A _______ property of gasoline is that it will _______ in air.
A. chemical; burn
B. chemical; evaporate
C. physical; explode
D. physical; corrode
A. chemical; burn
200
Given that cellular respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide, which of the following statements can be inferred from the diagram shown above?
A. Animals participate in cellular respiration, while plants participate in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
B. Animals participate in cellular respiration, while plants do not.
C. Animals participate in cellular respiration because it results in the same products as photosynthesis.
D. Animals do not rely on plants for survival.
A. Animals participate in cellular respiration, while plants participate in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
300
Radiometric (Absolute) dating techniques rely on the fact that:
A. The bony portions of organisms decompose at a known rate
B. Organisms which lived earlier in time will tend to be found in sediments below organisms which lived more recently
C. The magnetic field of the earth has reversed its polarity at known time intervals in geological time
D. The earth contains elements which change into other elements at a constant known rate
D. The earth contains elements which change into other elements at a constant known rate
300
The sudden outbreak of a disease can be classified as an epidemic or a pandemic depending on
A. whether a virus or bacterium caused the initial outbreak.
B. whether anyone has died from the disease or not.
C. whether the disease is transmitted by air or by direct contact.
D. whether the outbreak is isolated to a region or widespread.
D. whether the outbreak is isolated to a region or widespread.
300
Water clarity, or turbidity, measures the amount of sediment and debris in a body of water. Since light cannot shine into water with low clarity, turbidity is a factor that is considered when monitoring water quality. Which of the following organisms would be most negatively affected by unclear water?
A. trees growing on the bank of the lake
B. plants growing on a lake floor
C. geese nesting on the bank of the lake
D. catfish feeding on the bottom of the lake
B. plants growing on a lake floor
300
Which best describes why metals are used for making pots and pans that are used for cooking?
A Metals have low specific heats and high melting points.
B Metals have high specific heats and low melting points.
C Metals have low specific heats and low melting points.
D Metals have high specific heats and high melting points.
D Metals have high specific heats and high melting points.
300
The process of cellular respiration begins with molecules of _______ and ends with the production of _______.
A. energy (ATP); glucose
B. glucose; oxygen
C. glucose; energy (ATP)
D. oxygen; glucose
C. glucose; energy (ATP)
400
D. Found in many areas and lived a short time period (only in one type of layer)
400
A scientist wants to produce a cow that makes a particular human protein in its milk. The desired protein causes blood to clot and can be used to treat hemophilia (a blood clotting disorder). Which of the following would be best for the scientist to use?
A. cloning
B. genetic engineering
C. selective breeding
D. genetic crosses
B. genetic engineering
400
Which of these would improve the water quality in a watershed?
A. erosion of more topsoil
B. use of more fertilizer
C. destruction of wetlands
D. reduction in pesticide use
D. reduction in pesticide use
400
A chemical reaction produces two new substances, and each product has a mass of 25 grams. What was the total mass of the reactants?
A) 25 grams B) 50 grams C) 75 grams D) 100 grams
B 50 grams
400
What might happen when a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the land?
A. The population improves the dynamics of the local ecosystem.
B. Nothing should happen to the population or the ecosystem it lives in.
C. The population will eventually learn to use other resources.
D. The population uses up its resources faster than they are replenished.
D. The population uses up its resources faster than they are replenished.
500
Which statement explains how a population's genetic variability and diversity can be affected by selective breeding?
A. Genetic variability and diversity decrease because only select individuals are bred
B. Genetic variability and diversity increase because only select individuals are bred
C. Genetic variability increases and diversity decreases because only select individuals are bred
D. Genetic variability decreases and diversity increases because only select individuals are bred
A. Genetic variability and diversity decrease because only select individuals are bred
500
Biotechnology is a growing field of applied biology. Many crops, such as corn, have been engineered to be resistant to herbicides. Therefore, farmers can spray these chemicals to kill weeds growing near the crops without worries of killing the crop itself.
How does this type of biotechnology work?
A. by causing the crops to kill the weeds
B. by changing the type of crops used
C. by changing the location of the crops
D. by changing the genetic makeup of the crops
D. by changing the genetic makeup of the crops
500
Certain species of aquatic organisms are particularly sensitive to environmental changes. Scientists often monitor the behavior, population size, and overall health of these so-called indicator species in order to evaluate the water quality in an ecosystem.
Biological indicator species are important to water systems because
A. they are used to control water quality by filtering out pollutants in an ecosystem.
B. they provide an early warning sign of degrading water quality in an ecosystem.
C. they become healthier as water quality degrades and can replace weaker species.
D. they can convert harmful pollutants into helpful nutrients in an ecosystem.
B. they provide an early warning sign of degrading water quality in an ecosystem.
500
A chemist who studies water samples did a demonstration of how to test for lead in water. She added a clear solution of potassium iodide to a clear solution of lead nitrate. Then a yellow swirling solid formed in the liquid.
What is most likely true about the yellow solid?
A. It was secretly added to the test tube by the scientist.
B. It is solid lead nitrate.
C. It is solid potassium iodide.
D. It is a new substance with different properties.
D. It is a new substance with different properties.
500
Why are there very few organisms toward the top of the pyramid?
A. Organisms at the top of the pyramid are preyed upon by many other organisms.
B. There is much less energy available at the top of the pyramid.
C. There is too much energy available at the top of the pyramid.
D. Organisms at the top of the pyramid can only generate energy directly from the sun.
B. There is much less energy available at the top of the pyramid.