Rocks and Minerals
When looking at rock layers, is the top layer or bottom layer older?
bottom
What type of map shows how high the land is (elevation)?
topographic map
What type of boundary is formed when plates separate?
divergent
Volcanic eruptions are caused primarily by the movement of what?
tectonic plates
How can you tell that an igneous rock has cooled quickly?
It will have very small crystals
What is a fixed place on the Earth’s surface where direction can be determined called?
reference point
how does a volcanic eruption cause climate change?
Ash blocks sunlight
What scale is used to measure the strength of an earthquake?
Richter
Which of the following is NOT one of the main classes of rock?
1) igneous
2) sedimentary
3) volcanic
4) metamorphic
volcanic
A rock formed when an existing rock is changed by heat and pressure
Metamorphic rock
Describe the movement of plates during subduction
movement of one tectonic plate under another
The epicenter of an earthquake is the point on Earth’s surface that is directly ________ the focus
above
What property of minerals is being tested when you look at the color of the powder it leaves behind after being scratched on a ceramic tile?
streak
Limestone is a sedimentary rock and marble is a metamorphic rock. Even though limestone and marble have the same chemical makeup, they are classified as different rocks. Why?
They were formed by different methods
The core consists mainly of what element?
iron
What is a vent or fissure in the Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled?
Volcano
How can you tell if an igneous rock cooled quickly?
The crystals are very small.
What type of rock forms when magma cools and solidifies?
Igneous
Look at the picture
When looking at a cross section of rock layers in Earth, what are the forces causing the rock layers to do?
folding
Evidence that the continents were once joined include fossils, glacier marks, mountains and rocks, and the some continents look like they fit together like a ......
puzzle