Nature Of Science
What is the name of the variable that is measured?
The (outcome) or dependent variable?
Where can you find chromosomes in eukaryotic cells?
A. in the nucleus
B. within the DNA
C. in the cytoplasm
D. within the genes
A. in the nucleus
Natasha wants to go skydiving for her 18th birthday. Which force(s) will she experience?
A. Gravity, which is a contact force.
B. Normal force and gravity are both contact forces.
C. Air resistance and tension force, which are both non-contact forces.
D. Air resistance, which is a contact force, and gravity, which is a non-contact force.
D. Air resistance, which is a contact force and gravity, which is a non-contact force.
Which of the following statements best describes the outer core?
A. It is the outermost layer of Earth, made of solid rock.
B. It is the liquid inner layer of Earth, made of metals at extremely high temperatures.
C. It is the solid inner layer of Earth, made of metals at extremely high temperatures.
D. It is the middle layer of Earth, made of rock which varies in temperature and thickness.
B. It is the liquid inner layer of Earth, made of metals at extremely high temperatures.
What unit of measurement should a scientist use when determining the distance between the planets Jupiter and Neptune in our solar system?
A. miles
B. kilometers
C. light-years
D. astronomical units
D. astronomical units
Students conducted an investigation to determine if the different substances were acids or bases. They used litmus paper, which changes color to indicate if the substance is an acid or a base. What is the independent variable?
Different substances
Which of the following describes how the immune system works with another system to maintain homeostasis?
A. The immune system works with the circulatory system to transport antibodies throughout the body as needed.
B. The immune system works with the excretory system to remove waste from respiration, preventing body damage.
C. The immune system works with the digestive system to break down food so nutrients can be delivered to muscles for growth and repair.
D. The immune system works with the respiratory system to circulate blood throughout the body, providing cells with oxygen to carry out cellular processes.
A. The immune system works with the circulatory system to transport antibodies throughout the body as needed.
What energy transformations occur when a noisy ceiling fan is turned on in a room?
A. Chemical → Light → Mechanical
B. Electrical → Mechanical → Sound
C. Mechanical → Sound → Chemical
D. Thermal → Electrical → Light
B. Electrical → Mechanical → Sound
A group of scientists is studying two tectonic plates. When they analyzed the data, they noticed that the two plates have been pushing against each other over the past ten years. What option below describes what will most likely occur between the two plates?
A. The plates will slowly subduct causing an earthquake.
B. The plates will quickly diverge forming an ocean basin.
C. The plates will slowly converge causing a mountain to form.
D. The plates will quickly transform causing the formation of a canyon.
C. The plates will slowly converge causing a mountain to form.
Which option below describes how scientists use characteristics to classify stars?
A. The size of the star classifies it by color.
B. The surface temperature classifies it by color.
C. The apparent magnitude classifies it by energy.
D. The rotation classifies it by its distance from Earth.
B. The surface temperature classifies it by color.
Jose wants to know how music affects a plant's growth. He thinks plants that are exposed to classical music will have the greatest growth. He designs an investigation using six of the same plants, each exposed to a different type of music. Each plant will be placed in one liter of potting soil and given the same amount of water and sunlight daily. He presented his plan to his teacher for approval but was told there was an error in the design of his investigation.
What error did Jose make?
A. Jose’s plan does not have a hypothesis.
B. Jose’s plan does not have a control group.
C. Jose’s plan has too many test variables (independent variables).
D. Jose’s plan has too many outcome variables (dependent variables).
B. Jose’s plan does not have a control group.
Two individuals that are heterozygous for curly hair (H) reproduce. Use the Punnett square to determine the probability that their offspring will express the recessive trait of straight hair (h).
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
B. 25%
Which of the following correctly identifies the speed of sound waves in a substance?
A. slowest through air
B. slowest through ice
C. fastest through water
D. the same through all materials
A. slowest through air
In order to gather warmth, alligators can often be found lying on the grass during the daylight hours. How is the heat transferred to the alligator?
A. The warm air transfers heat to the alligator through convection.
B. Heat from the Sun is transferred to the alligator through radiation.
C. Heat from the grass is transferred to the alligator through radiation.
D. Heat from the Sun is transferred to the alligator through conduction.
B. Heat from the Sun is transferred to the alligator through radiation.
Throughout history, different models of the solar system have been used to describe where the sun and planets are in relation to each other. Which statement below best compares the heliocentric model to the geocentric model?
A. The heliocentric model has the Sun at the center of the solar system, while the geocentric model does not.
B. The geocentric model has the Sun at the center of the solar system, while the heliocentric model does not.
C. The heliocentric model has the elliptical orbits of the solar system, while the geocentric model shows circular orbits.
D. The geocentric model has the elliptical orbits of the solar system, while the heliocentric model shows circular orbits.
A. The heliocentric model has the Sun at the center of the solar system, while the geocentric model does not.
Daniel and Alex are both scientists. Daniel is investigating different fuel sources for cars in the future. He conducted three trials and then showed Alex his results from each trial. Alex is confused about Daniel’s results and decides to investigate himself. Which scientific process did each scientist use?
A. Alex and Daniel used each other's data to compare their results.
B. Alex and Daniel used the same hypothesis to compare their results.
C. Daniel used repetition in his experiment while Alex used replication.
D. Daniel used replication in his experiment while Alex used repetition.
C. Daniel used repetition in his experiment while Alex used replication.
Gopher tortoises create their homes by digging holes in well-drained sandy soils throughout the southeast region of the United States. Sometimes, a Florida pine snake will use the empty hole to shelter from weather or fire. Which of the following demonstrates the same symbiotic relationship as the tortoise and the snake?
A. Tapeworms live in the digestive system and eat partially digested food, eventually harming the host.
B. A Pseudoscorpion is a tiny scorpion with no stinger that moves from place to place by hitching a ride on much larger insects.
C. The goby fish lives in a tunnel in the sand with the blind shrimp. When a predator is near, the goby fish will touch the shrimp to warn it.
D. Moths lay eggs in the seedpods of the yucca plant. The moth larvae hatch and feed on some but not all the seeds and the moth acts as a pollinator for the plant.
B. A Pseudoscorpion is a tiny scorpion with no stinger that moves from place to place by hitching a ride on much larger insects.
Sean added an ice cube to his hot chocolate so he could drink it. What may happen?
A. The ice cube may stay solid as heat is added to the hot chocolate.
B. The hot chocolate may become a solid as heat is added to the ice cube.
C. The hot chocolate may stay a liquid as heat is removed from the ice cube.
D. The ice cube may become a liquid as heat is removed from the hot chocolate.
D. The ice cube may become a liquid as heat is removed from the hot chocolate.
Which of the following statements describes the differences between weather and climate?
A. Scientists collect weather data for at least 30 years to understand climate trends.
B. Scientists track the weather over a long period of time and the climate over a short period of time.
C. Scientists use data from 30 years ago to understand the weather and use recent data to understand the climate.
D. Scientists observe the weather slowly changing over a period of years and the climate quickly changing within a few minutes or hours.
A. Scientists collect weather data for at least 30 years to understand climate trends.
Which of the following correctly describes the movement of the Earth, Moon, and Sun?
A. The Moon revolves around Earth while the Earth revolves around the Sun.
B. The Moon rotates around the Earth while the Earth rotates around the Sun.
C. The Sun rotates around the Moon while the Moon rotates around the Earth.
D. The Sun revolves around the Moon while the Moon revolves around the Earth.
A. The Moon revolves around Earth while the Earth revolves around the Sun.
The glow stick in tap water served as her control group and she measured the brightness of each glow stick to determine the rate of reaction. Which of the following correctly identifies the type of investigation?
A. It’s a descriptive investigation because data is being analyzed.
B. It’s an experimental investigation because it includes collecting data.
C. It’s a comparative investigation because multiple trials are being conducted.
D. It’s an experimental investigation because it includes control and experimental groups.
D. It’s an experimental investigation because it includes control and experimental groups.
One limiting factor that impacts the sea turtle population is their nesting sites. Which of the following actions would continue to limit the nesting sites of sea turtles?
A. removal of beaches to build new businesses
B. monitoring reproductive rates of the sea turtles
C. relocating the sea turtle nests to a less populated area
D. restricting human access to the beaches during the breeding season
A. removal of beaches to build new businesses
Which of the following identifies a type of electromagnetic radiation with a higher frequency than microwaves but a lower frequency than ultraviolet waves?
A. radio waves
B. x-rays waves
C. gamma waves
D. infrared waves
D. infrared waves
1. While visiting a cave within a national park, Ava notices that some of the rock formations have deep grooves and are less detailed than others. The park ranger explains that the rock formations outside the cave entrance are more weathered than those deeper inside.
Which statement best explains why the rock formations outside the cave entrance are more
weathered?
A. Physical weathering by the wind has blown sand against the formations, wearing them down.
B. Chemical weathering by animals moving through the cave has broken pieces off the formations.
C. Slightly acidic rainwater has dissolved the rock formations over time through chemical weathering.
D. Tree roots have grown into cracks in the formations, causing them to break apart through physical weathering.
C. Slightly acidic rainwater has dissolved the rock formations over time through chemical weathering.
Which planets in our solar system revolve the fastest?
A. planets closest to the Sun
B. planets farthest from the Sun
C. planets with a thin atmosphere
D. planets revolve at the same speed
A. planets closest to the Sun