Water Distribution
Is the only substance on Earth that occurs naturally as a solid, a liquid, and a gas and the amount remains constant due to the water cycle.
What is water
Water that is safe to drink
What is potable
Pollution from multiple sites, such as runoff
What is non-point source pollution
Winds blow warm surface water, near coastal areas, offshore.
Deep water current bring cold water along the bottom of the ocean upward, carrying sediment and organic material to the surface.
Phytoplankton uses these nutrients to grow and reproduce at a rapid rate.
Organisms that rely on the phytoplankton as food are attracted to the area.
Their consumers are attracted as well.
What is upwelling
A worldwide system of surface and deep currents driven by temperature and salinity differences.
Global Ocean Conveyor Belt
Water covers approximately ___ % of the Earth’s surface (USGS).
What is 71%
In the United States, this agency sets maximum levels for the 90 most commonly occurring contaminants in water.
What is the Environmental Protection Agency or EPA
Another name for excess nutrients in a body of water
What is eutrophication
These organisms that are in water bodies like the ocean produce 50-80% of the Earth's oxygen.
What is phytoplankton
Deep ocean movement caused by differences in temperature and salinity.
What is thermohaline circulation
____% of Earth's water exists as saltwater.
What is 97%
This law was passed in 1972 to protect our surface water
What is the Clean Water Act
One name to describe the organisms whose presence, condition, and numbers of the types of fish, insects, algae, plants and other aquatic life provide accurate information about the health of freshwater, coastal and marine waters.
What are bioindicators
These help control erosion and reduce flooding of the mainland.
Sand bars buffer the impact of waves.
Plants and shellfish beds anchor the shore against tides.
Swamps and marshes take the initial impact of high winds moving in from the ocean, soak up heavy rain and storm surges, and release the extra water gradually into rivers and groundwater supplies.
What is an estuary (estuaries)
Continuous movement of ocean water in a specific direction.
What is ocean current
Water dissolves more substance than any other liquid and is known as the ___________
What is the universal solvent
Is a measurement of water clarity
What is Turbidity
This water quality indicator is highest in deep water which has high pressure, in cold water and water with low salinity
What is Dissolved Oxygen - DO
Nitrates & Phosphates from fertilizers, sewage and animal waste runoff causes eutrophication which results in this
Small animals without backbones visible without a microscope; often used as bioindicators.
What is macroinvertebrates
Water is considered polar because ______
What is the oxygen atom has a partial positive charge and the hydrogen atoms partial positive charge or it has a slightly positive charge and a slightly negative charge
Two causes of turbidity
What are sediments, waste discharge, algae growth and urban runoff
It measures the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, determining its acidity or alkalinity on a 0–14 logarithmic scale.
What is pH
Is a large area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.
What is a river basin
Under normal conditions, how do the algae in Calm Lake contribute to the cycling of matter?
a. Algae remove O2 from the water, then use O2 and sunlight to produce food.
b. Algae remove CO2 from the water, then use CO2 and sunlight to produce food.
c. Algae acquire food by consuming other microscopic organisms and contribute O2 to the water as they digest food.
d. Algae acquire food by consuming other microscopic organisms and contribute CO2 to the water as they digest food.
What is B. Algae remove CO2 from the water, then use CO2 and sunlight to produce food.