Force and Motion
What happens to an object when the forces acting on it are balanced?
A. It speeds up
B. It slows down
C. Its motion does not change
D. It changes direction
C. Its motion does not change
Which property describes how much mass is in a given volume?
A. Mass
B. Volume
C. Density
D. Temperature
C. Density
What is the main source of energy for Earth?
A. The Moon
B. The Sun
C. Stars
D. Volcanoes
B. The Sun
Which term describes all the living and nonliving things interacting in an area?
A. Population
B. Community
C. Ecosystem
D. Organism
Answer: C
C. Ecosystem
What is the main difference between weather and climate?
Weather is short-term conditions, while climate is long-term patterns over time.
Which situation shows unbalanced forces?
A. A book resting on a table
B. A car moving at a constant speed in a straight line
C. A soccer ball being kicked and speeding up
D. A picture hanging still on a wall
C. A soccer ball being kicked and speeding up
Which of the following is a physical property of matter?
A. Ability to burn
B. Reactivity
C. Flammability
D. Mass
D. Mass
Why do objects weigh less on the Moon than on Earth?
A. The Moon has no atmosphere
B. The Moon is farther from the Sun
C. The Moon has less mass and therefore less gravity
D. The Moon rotates more slowly
C. The Moon has less mass and therefore less gravity
Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor?
A. Sunlight
B. Water
C. Temperature
D. Grass
D. Grass
Which instrument is used to measure air pressure?
A. Thermometer
B. Anemometer
C. Barometer
D. Hygrometer
C. Barometer
How does increasing the mass of an object affect its acceleration if the same force is applied?
A. Acceleration increases
B. Acceleration decreases
C. Acceleration stays the same
D. Acceleration becomes zero
B. Acceleration decreases
What happens to the particles in a substance when it changes from a solid to a liquid?
A. They stop moving
B. They move farther apart and slide past each other
C. They become smaller
D. They disappear
B. They move farther apart and slide past each other
Which statement best explains the current scientific theory about the origin of the universe?
A. The universe has always existed in its current form
B. The universe formed from the collision of planets
C. The universe began as a hot, dense point and has been expanding
D. The universe was created by the Sun exploding
C. The universe began as a hot, dense point and has been expanding
What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?
A. They produce their own food using sunlight
B. They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients
C. They hunt other animals for energy
D. They compete with plants for sunlight
B. They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients
What type of air mass is warm and humid and forms over oceans near the equator?
A. Continental polar (cP)
B. Maritime polar (mP)
C. Continental tropical (cT)
D. Maritime tropical (mT)
D. Maritime tropical (mT)
According to Newton’s Second Law, what happens when the same force is applied to two objects with different masses?
A. Both objects accelerate at the same rate
B. The object with more mass accelerates more
C. The object with less mass accelerates more
D. Neither object will move
C. The object with less mass accelerates more
A substance has a mass of 20 g and a volume of 5 mL. What is its density?
A. 4 g/mL
B. 5 g/mL
C. 10 g/mL
D. 25 g/mL
A. 4 g/mL
Which type of galaxy is best described as having a flat, rotating disk with spiral arms?
A. Elliptical galaxy
B. Irregular galaxy
C. Spiral galaxy
D. Dwarf galaxy
C. Spiral galaxy
If a population of predators increases, what will MOST LIKELY happen to the prey population?
A. It will increase rapidly
B. It will decrease
C. It will remain the same
D. It will become producers
B. It will decrease
A cold front moves into an area. What weather conditions are MOST likely to occur?
A. Light rain for several days
B. Clear skies and warm temperatures
C. Short, heavy storms followed by cooler air
D. Gradual temperature increase over time
c. Short, heavy rain or storms followed by cooler, drier air
When a swimmer pushes water backward with their hands, what happens according to Newton’s Third Law?
A. The swimmer moves forward as the water pushes back
B. The swimmer moves backward
C. The water stops moving
D. No forces are involved
A. The swimmer moves forward as the water pushes back
During a chemical reaction in a closed system, 10 g of substance A reacts with 15 g of substance B. What will be the total mass of the products?
A. 5 g
B. 10 g
C. 15 g
D. 25 g
D. 25 g
Which sequence correctly shows the life cycle of a star like the Sun?
A. Nebula → Red giant → Main sequence → White dwarf
B. Main sequence → Nebula → Red giant → Black hole
C. Nebula → Main sequence → Red giant → White dwarf
D. Red giant → Nebula → Main sequence → Supernova
C. Nebula → Main sequence → Red giant → White dwarf
A drought reduces the amount of water in an ecosystem. Which outcome is MOST likely?
A. All populations will increase
B. Only producers will be affected
C. Populations that depend on water will decrease
D. The ecosystem will not change
C. Populations that depend on water will decrease.
Why do coastal areas usually have milder temperatures than inland areas?
A. Land heats and cools more slowly than water
B. Water heats and cools more slowly than land
C. Coastal areas receive more sunlight
D. Wind does not affect coastal areas
B. Water heats and cools more slowly than land, which moderates temperature changes near the coast