Vocabulary
The belief in the superiority of your ethnicity or culture.
What is ethnocentrism?
Spices sought by Europeans especially came from this location.
What is India?
On this date the Caribbean is found by Christopher Columbus which will lead to a rediscovery of North America by Europeans.
What is 1492?
Texts from these civilizations helped fuel both the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration.
Who are the Romans, Greeks, and Islamic civilizations?
These directions were crucial to orienting yourself when traveling.
What are the cardinal directions? (North, South, East, West)
This term refers to the actions and attitudes of a state or country that seeks to increase its power and territory.
What is expansionism?
This Turkish empire successfully took Constantinople in 1453 cutting off easy access for Europeans to the East.
Who were the Ottomans?
These people found North America just over 1,000 years ago. Long before the explorers we covered.
Who were the Vikings? (Norse/Scandinavians are also acceptable).
This ruler was known for implementing the Quarantine which is a tactic we still use in the modern day to contain disease. He was also very wealthy.
Who is Mansa Musa?
What are navigational instruments?
This term refers to traveling in a full circle around the world.
What is circumnavigation?
This ruler established Sagres with his funding. These are places of learning and the gathering of knowledge about sailing, astronomy, navigation, etc.
Who was Vasco da Gama?
This civilization invented the compass 1700 years ago.
Who are the Chinese?
He was a mythical legendary Christian ruler who Europeans believed lived beyond Muslim lands in either Africa or Asia.
Who is Prester John?
This is a term often used to describe Asia, Africa, and Europe after Europeans found the Americas.
What is the Old World?
These individuals accompanied many European expeditions to spread religion.
Who were the Jesuits/Missionaries?
He was the first European to circumnavigate the globe.
Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
This was a Greek invention which was further improved upon by Arab mathematicians. It was crucial to use prominent celestial objects like the North star or the Sun to navigate.
What is the Astrolabe?
These two rulers of parts of what we now call Spain gave Christopher Columbus the rights to 10% of the riches from any territory he visited.
Who are Isabella and Ferdinand?
This term refers to the way you think about the world.
What is worldview?
These are the three primary reasons Europeans were pressured to explore.
What is a diminishing gold and silver supply, an urge to spread Christianity, and a need to find alternate routes to China and India?
In this naval battle, the Portuguese dealt Arab sailors (Mamluks, Gujarat, and Calicut sailors) a decisive blow near India.
What is the battle of Diu?
This great empire formed the Silk Road, which Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Europeans relied on for trade with the East before the empire collapsed.
What is the Mongol Empire?
This is the primary reason why many spices were very expensive in Europe.
What is the distance they had to travel?