Characteristics
of Living Things
of Living Things
What is the primary characteristics that distinguishes living things from non-living things?
Living things exhibit the ability to grow, reproduce, and respond to their environment.
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell.
What is the role of DNA in living organisms?
DNA stores and transmits genetic information, guiding the development and functioning of all living things.
What is taxonomy?
Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms based on shared characteristics.
How do bacteria reproduce?
Bacteria primarily reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission.
What is homeostasis?
The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
To provide energy and support cellular structure.
What is the highest taxonomic rank in the biological classification system?
Domain.
What is one characteristic that distinguishes protists from other microorganisms?
Protists are mostly unicellular eukaryotes, while bacteria and viruses are prokaryotic or acellular.
How do living things obtain and use energy?
Living things obtain energy through processes like photosynthesis or consumption, and they use it for growth, reproduction, and daily functions.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and support.
What are proteins made of?
Amino acids.
How are prokaryotic cells classified?
Prokaryotic cells are classified into two main groups: Bacteria and Archaea.
How do fungi obtain their nutrients?
Fungi obtain nutrients through absorption, breaking down organic matter externally before absorbing the nutrients.
Why is reproduction essential for living organisms?
Reproduction is essential for the continuation of a species and the transfer of genetic material to the next generation.
How do plant cells differ from animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles, while animal cells do not.
What is the function of lipids in living organisms?
Lipids store energy, provide insulation, and make up cell membranes.
What is a dichotomous key, and how is it used in classification?
A dichotomous key is a tool that allows users to determine the identity of organisms by answering a series of questions based on their characteristics.
What is a common method used to classify bacteria?
Bacteria are commonly classified by their shape, such as cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), and spirilla (spiral-shaped).
What is the difference between growth and development in living organisms?
Growth refers to an increase in size and mass, while development involves changes in form and function as an organism matures.
Describe the role of mitochondria in a cell.
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy through cellular respiration.
How do nucleic acids contribute to heredity?
Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information.
What are the four main kingdoms within the domain Eukarya?
The four main kingdoms are Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
What role do microorganisms play in the ecosystem?
Microorganisms play essential roles in nutrient cycling, decomposition, and as part of the food web, contributing to ecosystem health and balance.