The First South Carolinians
What early culture built large earthen mounds and lived in organized chiefdoms?
These three European countries competed for land in the Americas.
England, France, and Spain
Rocky soil and cold winters meant many families here practiced subsistence farming.
New England colonies
South Carolina became wealthy growing these two major cash crops.
Rice and indigo
European diseases caused Native American populations to decline by as much as this percentage between 1540 and 1700.
90%
Corn, beans, and squash were grown together using what Native American method?
Three Sisters
This Spanish explorer traveled through the Southeast and visited Cofitachequi in 1540.
Hernando de Soto
Southern colonies
Under this economic system, colonies existed to make their mother country wealthier and more powerful.
Mercantilism
This three part trade system connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Triangular Trade
French Huguenots established this settlement on present-day Parris Island in 1562.
Charlesfort
Fishing, shipbuilding, lumbering, trade, and manufacturing became important in this region.
Europeans sent these to Africa in return for enslaved Africans for the Americas in the Triangular Trade.
Manufactured goods
This was the forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
This coastal tribe moved from Georgia to South Carolina in the 1600s and used palmetto leaves to make summer wigwams.
The Yamassee
Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon established this failed Spanish settlement in 1526.
San Miguel de Gualdape
Fertile soil and large amounts of grain gave this region the nickname "Breadbasket Colonies".
Middle colonies
Settlers from this Caribbean island helped introduce the plantation system and slavery to Carolina.
Barbados
Give TWO ways European colonization negatively affected Native Americans.
Disease, loss of land, enslavement, warfare/conflict, displacement, loss of resources, etc.
The Catawba had the nickname, Ye Iswa, which means ...
People of the River
Give TWO reasons San Miguel de Gualdape struggled/failed.
Disease/malaria, loss of supply ship, conflict among settlers, Native attacks, rebellion by enslaved peoples
Explain one major way geography caused the economies of New England and the Southern colonies to develop differently.
New England's rocky soil/cold climate discouraged plantations and encouraged fishing, shipbuilding, trade, etc.; the South's climate/fertile land supported cash crops and plantations.
Explain the basic cycle of mercantilism between a colony and its mother country.
Colonies supplied raw materials --> mother country manufactured goods --> goods were sold for profit, benefiting the mother country.
Why did plantation owners increasingly rely on enslaved Africans for labor?
Plantation agriculture created a large demand for labor, and owners wanted a larger, permanent workforce.