Vocabulary
Variables
Graphs
Scientific method
Analyzing data
100
The group which serves as the comparison group. The group that does not contain the experimental variable.
Control group
100
The variable that scientists change (the tested variable)
independent variable
100
Which variable is would be placed on the y-axis?
# of deer
100
True or false: all hypothesis should be answered with a controlled experiment to be considered valid.
False, comparative investigations and descriptive investigations can also be valid ways to answer a hypothesis.
100
Henry hypothesized that the deer population increases during January and February. He observes them and collects the following data. How should he word his conclusion?
In conclusion, his hypothesis is not supported by the data. (Must have the correct wording!)
200
Define bias
In favor of or against something.
200
The variable that responds to or is affected by the test variable
Dependent variable
200
The independent variable is ...
# of hours
200
Pietro's hypothesis is supported by his data. He conducted multiple trials. In his conclusion, he writes that his experiment proves that apples stay fresh longer when placed in a ziploc bag. What should his science teacher tell him?
"Science doesn't prove anything because it can change based on new evidence."
"You should have other people replicate the experiment to establish credibility."
200
Rami and Nadia believe that students like Red m&m's the best. They have 5 dispensers with 5 different colors (red, orange, yellow, green, blue). They observe the dispensers. At the end of the day the green dispenser has the least m&m's inside. How should they word their hypothesis based on their results.
The results fail to support the hypothesis that students like red m&m's the best.
300
Scientific theories can change because of...
New evidence
300
Wesley designed the following experiment: 3 identical plants are in identical pots and receive the same amount of water and sunlight. Plant 1 has no music. Plant 2 is exposed to heavy metal music. Plant 3 is exposed to classical music. What is the control group?
Plant 1 with no music
300
What is the dependent variable?
water absorbed (ml)
300
A class is split up into 3 groups to conduct an experiment. Group 1 only conducts 1 trial. Group 2 conducts 2 trials. Group 3 conducts 3 trials. Which group reduced their experimental bias the most?
Group 3 because doing multiple trials (repetition) reduces experimental bias.
300
Dr. Stephen reads an article about a medical experiment that has multiple trials. However, he notices that no other scientist has conducted the experiment themselves. What does he think the scientists should do next?
The scientists should ask other scientists to replicate their experiment.
400
This is done by other scientists to establish credibility
Replication
400
The Georgia Native Plant Society observes that Zebra Butterfly larva increase during warmer months. They observe the butterflies for 6 months and come up with the following data
The independent variable is...
Month
400
Christine wants to create a graph that places the months on the y-axis and # of butterfly larva on the x-axis. What should her science teacher tell her about her graph?
The independent variable (months) should be on the x-axis. The dependent variable (# butterfly larva) should be on the y-axis.
400
Jane wants to test the effect of fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up her experiment by placing three identical plants in three identical pots. Plant 1 gets 4 hours of sunlight, 0 grams of fertilizer, and is inside her house. Plant 2 gets 7 hours of sunlight, 4 grams of fertilizer, and is in her backyard. Plant 3 gets 5 hours of sunlight, 10 g of fertilizer and in placed in her patio. Is this a well designed experiment?
No. There are too many variables changing. Good experiments only test one variable at a time.
400
Peter Parker creates an investigation where he observes enzymes at different temperatures. He will use his results to create stronger web fluid. However, he only observed 1 group of enzymes before concluding that the enzymes in his web fluid are viable up to 40 degrees Celsius. What should Tony Stark tell him about his conclusion?
Peter Parker should observe more groups or do more trials before coming up with a conclusion.
500
Done to reduce experimental bias
Repetition (multiple trials)
500
What is the independent variable?
Paper towel brand
500
Dr. Tara conducts an investigation in which she observes enzyme activity at increasing temperature. What is her independent and dependent variable?
IV: temperature
DV: enzyme activity
500
Sam conducts an experiment and concludes that their data does not support their hypothesis. Sam feels sad about the results. What should their science teacher tell them about hypothesis?
examples: "Hypothesis are valuable even if they are not supported by data because they can lead to further investigation."
"You can modify the hypothesis based on your conclusion and create a new experiment."
500
Rose hypothesizes that sunflower growth will increase consistently with increased amount of fertilizer. Do her results support her hypothesis; why?
Her results do not support her hypothesis because increased fertilizer first increases sunflower growth. But after 8 grams, the growth of sunflower decreases.