Minerals & Identification
This describes how a mineral's surface reflects light
What is Luster?
These are the three main classifications of rock.
What are igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary?
These small, solid pieces of material come from rocks or living thing.
What are sediments?
This scientist hypothesized that continents were once joined in a single landmass.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
This was the name of the single landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago.
What is Pangaea?
This scale is used to rank the hardness of a mineral from talc to diamond
What is the Mohs Scale?
This type of igneous rock forms from magma undergroud.
What is intrusive?
This organic sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of plants.
What is coal?
Wegener's hypothesis was originally rejected for this specific reason.
What is there was no explanation for how they moved?
This specific location is where new oceanic crust is created.
What is a mid-ocean ridge?
To be a mineral, a substance must be a solid, inorganic, naturally occurring, and have these two "definite" traits.
What are a definite chemical composition and crystal structure?
This factor determines the size of the crystals in an igneous rock.
What is the amount of cooling time?
These five steps are involved in forming sedimentary rocks.
What are weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation?
This invention helped scientists map the ocean floor and learn about seafloor spreading.
What is SONAR?
This famous fault in California occurs at a transform boundary.
What is the San Andreas Fault?
This geologic ide states that processes happening today are the same as those that happened in the past.
What is uniformitarianism?
This substance determines the color of a rock; the more of it there is, the lighter the rock.
What is silica?
This type of sedimentary rock, such as sandstone, is made of sediments cemented together.
What are clastic?
This feature is where old oceanic crust is destroyed.
What is an ocean trench?
These three major process contribute to the movement of Earth's tectonic plates.
What are convection, seafloor spreading, and subduction?
Describe the difference between an intrusive and extrusive igneous rock.
What are underground (magma) vs. above groud (lava)?
A rock becomes metamorphic when it is exposed to these two conditions.
What are heat and pressure?
The continental shelf, slope, and rise collectively make up this feature.
What is the continental margin?
These two plates collided to form the Himalayan Mountains.
What are the Indian and Eurasian plates?
This spot is known as the deepest place on Earth.
What is the Mariana trench?