Vocabulary
This is an area of land set aside for the use of different Native tribes. In the early 1800s, these were made through treaties between the U.S. and those Native tribes.
What is a reservation?
This is one of the methods Americans expected Natives to learn despite their traditions. This was meant to take up less land.
What is European farming techniques?
This is the minimum population necessary to be considered an organized territory.
What is 5,000 people?
These are the agricultural industries of Washington. (3 answers)
What is apples, ranching and dairying, and wheat?
This war between Natives and settlers in the Washington region started because gold was discovered on land previously set aside for Native reservations. Following a Native attack on a US fort, and subsequent US strike back, the war was ended using forced peace treaties.
What is the Yakama War?
This is a phrase to describe a foreign, independent nation. In the early 1800s, the U.S. made treaties with the Native tribes, treating them like these.
What is a sovereign nation?
This is the process where a minority group assumes the behavior, values, rituals, and beliefs of a majority group. This was seen as the main goal of the U.S. while removing and relocating Native tribes.
What is cultural assimilation?
This is the minimum population necessary to be considered for an enabling act and statehood.
What is 60,000 people?
This city in the PNW was the original home of the Northern Pacific Railroad before Seattle took it. They had the largest sawmill in the world in 1886.
What is Tacoma?
This war between Natives and settlers started due to an act of revenge, when a Nez Perce man killed four white men as revenge for his father's death. The Nez Perce then defended themselves from US attacks using shotguns and fled east to Montana.
What is Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce
This is an act passed by Congress which allows a prospective state to write their own constitution. Usually, the territory would require a population of 60,000 before they could be considered for this.
What is an enabling act?
This is the main tactic used by the U.S. to forcefully assimilate Native people. They used this method because it was easier to assimilate children than adults.
What is Native school / Native boarding school?
This is the name of the treaty between the U.S. and England that settled the U.S. - Canada border and established the Oregon Territory.
What is the Oregon Treaty?
The two things are credited as being the main reasons for Seattle's growth. One allowed them to be a port city and the second was a name for the sheer will power to make the city great the people there showed. (2 answers)
What is the proximity to the Puget Sound and the "booster spirit"?
This Native massacre was caused by a miscommunication between US politicians and soldiers. Natives who approached Fort Lyon looking for supplies or safety were killed, and within 8 hours, around 230 Native people were killed.
What is the Sand Creek Massacre?
This is an act, passed in 1850, that granted land to settlers in the Oregon Territory. This act allowed them to officially claim "unclaimed" land in the area for improvements like businesses or farms.
What is the Donation Land Act?
This act in 1830 took a more aggressive approach to gaining land for the U.S. It forcefully removed five Native tribes and placed them in reservations. The walk to the reservations was called the Trail of Tears.
What is the Indian Removal Act?
This treaty was signed on January 26, 1855, in the Kitsap Peninsula. It was signed by the Washington Territory governor, Issac Stevens and three Native tribes.
What is the Treaty of Point No Point?
This city was incredibly wealthy due to its proximity to Idaho's Coeur d'Alene silver mines. It was also located near a waterfall, allowing them to power their sawmill and other electrical infrastructure.
What is Spokane?
This battle between Natives and settlers started because of land disagreements between the US and Native governments. Settlers began to mine in sacred Native lands, resulting in Sitting Bull and his people to attack.
What is the Battle of Little Bighorn?
This is a railroad company that was established after the Pacific Railroad Act was passed. This company started construction in Omaha, Nebraska to the meeting point in Utah.
What is the Union Pacific Railroad / Union Pacific Railroad Company?
These are the flaws of Native boarding schools. (3 answers)
What is many children died of disease, students were treated harshly leading to many running away and basing school on cultural superiority with the goal of "civilizing" the children?
This is one way the U.S. forced the Natives to be dependent on the U.S. government in the Treaty of Point No Point.
What is only trading with Americans, no more trading with Canada or its Native people.
This animal was the symbol of the PNW fishing industry. They were originally gathered as a basic food source for the local Native tribes before settlers began selling them canned, fresh, or dried. Unfortunately, due to things like overfishing and pollution, this animal is endangered.
What is salmon?
This massacre of Native people happened due to continued land disputes between the Natives and the US, shrinking their land from 60 million acres to 12 million in 19 years. Natives were forced to give up their weapons, and during the peaceful surrender, a gun misfired, leading to the US army opening fire and killing 250-300 Native people.
What is the Wounded Knee Massacre?
This law, created in 1787, created the first rules for states to enter the union, allowing Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin into the union. It would be used as the model for Congress to continue making laws for states to enter the union.
What is the Northwest Ordinance?
These were the two main disagreements Native tribes and British colonists had, leading to a very difficult relationship. One jeopardized Europeans exclusive access to all agriculture, as some Natives farmed and some still hunted and gathered. The second was a practice exclusive to the Europeans, as Natives believed in using different parts at different times and only when necessary. (2 answers)
What is resource gathering and private land ownership?
These are three ways America took away Natives traditions in the Treaty of Point No Point. One took away their traditional education, one took away their traditional medicine, and one took away their traditional farming. (3 answers)
What is setting up American schools, operating American style clinics on reservations, and teaching European style farming / trades in schools?
These Washington cities, while lacking in gold and silver mines, were still able to profit from the rushes by housing merchants to sell food, tents, tools, and clothing to miners traveling to Alaska, Canada, and Idaho. (3 answers)
What is Walla Walla, Spokane, and Seattle?
The Nez Perce chief at the time of the treaty at Walla Walla was referred to by settlers as 'Chief Joseph,' but his real name, Hin-Maton-Yal-A-Kit, means this:
What is 'Thunder traveling to loftier mountain heights'?