"Gut Math"
According to “Gut Math,” which of the following is a mathematical sense that humans are born with?
estimation
discerning sounds, their pitch, tone, rhythm, and timbre
Musical
What is the main subject of “Two Entries from an Encyclopedia of Logic”?
Types of flawed arguments
Do you ever wonder how you taste things? You owe your sense of taste to your taste buds. We have 9,000 taste buds just on the tongue alone. There are also taste buds on the roof of your mouth. You even have taste buds on the back of your throat.
Taste buds are found in different places.
to estimate or calculate fairly accurately
approximate
What did the case of “the Approximate Man” teach researchers about the brain, according to “Gut Math”?
There are separate centers in the brain for learned math and estimation.
finding the right words to express what you mean
linguistic
The term “bandwagon appeal” is named after which common historical practice, according to “Two Entries from an Encyclopedia of Logic”?
politicians hopping on the wagon of musicians in a parade to wave to the crowd
Being a clown isn't all fun and games. Rodeo clowns expose themselves to great danger every time they perform. When cowboys dismount or are bucked off of bulls at riding competitions, rodeo clowns jump in front of the bulls and motion wildly to get their attention. In this way rodeo clowns provide an alternate target, and in doing so protect the rider. So you see, sometimes clowning around can be serious business.
Rodeo clowns protect cowboys by putting themselves in danger.
inborn, inherent, or natural
innate
Which of the following best summarizes the information presented in “Gut Math” about number sense in animals?
Animals use number sense to help them find food, avoid predators, and locate shelter.
tackling the questions of why we live, and why we die
existential
According to “Two Entries from an Encyclopedia of Logic,” when can logic be called “circular”?
when the conclusion of an argument is the same as the basis for the argument
When people did desire clean teeth or fresher breath, they experimented with a variety of remedies. Many people used toothpicks and other homemade devices to clean between teeth. Others chewed herbs like mint and cinnamon. Sometimes they rinsed with vinegar. Some of the practices were questionable, such as the recommendation that people rinse their mouths out with gunpowder. For a while, there was a movement in France to utilize one's own urine as a mouth rinse.
Some of the practices recommended in the past were unusual.
based on what one believes to be true even without conscious reasoning, or instinctive
intuitive
What is the relationship between the ability to estimate and formal math skill, according to the research referenced in “Gut Math”?
If a person has a strong ability to estimate, then he or she is also likely to be good at formal math.
sensing people's feelings and motives
interpersonal
According to “Two Entries from an Encyclopedia of Logic,” how might a bandwagon appeal discourage the listener from challenging an argument?
by causing the listener to fear being left out
Juding by historical reports, most people didn't have pearly whites. Few folks managed to keep all of their teeth into adulthood, and those who did often sported teeth ranging in color from moss green to pencil-lead brown. Bad teeth were quite ordinary. In fact, missing or rotting teeth were so commonplace that they weren't necessarily seen as unattractive. The British Prime Minister in 1855, Lord Palmerston, was considered devastatingly handsome, even though he was missing several front teeth.
Many people did not take care of their teeth in the past
thinking about something in a logical or reasonable way
reasoning
In “Gut Math,” why does a leading researcher say that multiplication is an “unnatural practice”?
because we store multiplication facts in our brains as groups of words instead of using our number sense
visualizing the world in 3D
spacial
During a debate, someone tells you that your argument is based on a fallacy. What does the person mean?
Your argument is based on faulty logic.
Toothbrushes and oral hygiene practices of today are a far cry from those of our ancestors. Walk down the tooth care aisle of any drug store and you'll see a plethora of products. There are pastes that whiten, rinses that fight gingivitis, brushes that "reach" and "angle" and run on batteries. You can even squeeze chocolate-flavored toothpaste onto an edible toothbrush and rinse it all out with bubble-gum flavored mouth rinse.
Modern dental hygiene practices are vastly superior to those of the past.
based on reason or logic
rational