The puzzle beneath our feet
List the 4 layers of Earth from INSIDE to OUTSIDE
Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust
The process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces is known as…
Weathering
Where does the energy for all cycles on Earth come from?
The inner core.
If you found a fossil of a shell, what would that indicate about the area’s past?
The area likely used to be underwater
What are the three main rock types?
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
The mechanical layer of the Earth where the tectonic plates are found is known as the…
Lithosphere
What is the process of one plate sinking below another?
Subduction
Hot material becomes LESS dense and __________, while cold material will __________.
rises and sinks.
Fossils of the same extinct reptile found in South America and Africa support the idea that:
The continents were once joined together.
What are the two types of igneous rock, and where are they located
Extrusive Igneous: cooled lava above ground
Intrusive Igneous: cooled magma below the ground
No. The Asthenosphere acts as a liquid due to high temperatures from the inner core, but it is not actually a liquid state.
What are the two types of weathering?
Chemical and Physical
How do mantle convection currents move tectonic plates?
The inner core releases heat which will rise to the asthenosphere. This causes the asthenosphere to act as a liquid, moving the plates that sit on top.
Continental Drift Theory was supported by:
Matching fossils and rock layers across continents
Describe how igneous rock would become sedimentary rock.
Igneous rock would be weathered, eroded, and deposited. Sediments would build in layers. When pressure is added the layers will cement together to form sedimentary rock.
Draw a sketch of a divergent boundary. What landform occurs here?
Landforms: Trenches, Mid-Ocean Ridges
Deposition is where eroded materials get dropped off into new places. What landform does deposition contribute to?
Deltas
What is a mid-ocean ridge and how does it form?
A mid ocean ridge forms at boundaries where the plates are moving apart from one another. This allows magma to rise to the surface, cool, and form new crust. This is also known as sea floor spreading
How do fossil discoveries provide evidence for plate tectonics?
They tell us what plants and animals used to live in the area. Places with the same fossils/rock types likely used to be closer together at one point in time.
How would sedimentary rock become metamorphic rock?
By adding extreme heat pressure.
Draw a sketch of a transform boundary. What landform occurs here?
What are the two types of crust? Which is more dense?
Oceanic and Continental. Oceanic is more dense.
What country’s continental plate crashed into the Eurasian Plate to form Mount Everest?
India
Compare and contrast divergent and transform boundaries in terms of motion and landforms produced.
D: plates moving away, trenches/ridges.
T: plates sliding past one another, fault lines.
Sketch a basic image of the rock cycle.
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