vocabulary
The persistence of learning over time through the storage & retrieval of information
What is Memory?
Studied memory from 1850-1909
Who is Hermann Ebbinghaus?
A split second holding tank for all sensory information (processes 11 million bits of information per second)
What is Sensory Memory?
When you test yourself on the material, it has a longer & deeper impact on learning
What is the Testing Effect?
"Those who learn quickly, forget quickly"
What is Ebbinghaus's Forgetting Curve?
Retrieving information from your memory (fill in the blank, essay tests)
What is Recall?
The researcher that demonstrated that eyewitness testimony is not as accurate as we think
Who is Elizabeth Loftus?
A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second
What is Iconic Memory?
Memory aids that use silly sentences, associations and acronyms
Memorizing the layout of a place and then attaching key information to each spot in that place in order to help you remember
What is the Method of Loci?
What is Deja Vu?
Cued Recall
Who are Vygotsky & Scaffolding?
A memory of something you will do in the future
What is Prospective Memory?
Encoding by repeating again and again, with no meaning attached
What is Maintenance Rehearsal?
What is Proactive Interference?
Incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event
What is the Misinformation Effect?
Patient where researchers found that the hippocampus links to long term memory
Being more likely to remember something when you are in the same/a similar setting as when the memory took place
What is Context Dependent Memory?
An increase in a cell's firing potential after repeated stimulation (practice/repetition) that consequently causes better memory making
What is Long-Term Potentiation?
Stimuli --> Sensory Memory --> Attention --> Working Memory --> Encode/Retrieve --> Long-Term Memory
What is the Atkinson-Shiffrin 3 Box Model of Memory?
What is Confabulation?
Idea that when something stands out and is different from the rest will therefore be remembered better
What is the Von Restorff Effect?
Explicit/Declarative type of Long Term Memory (two types)
What is Semantic & Episodic Memory?
Encoding information based on the sound, structure or appearance of a word
What is Shallow Processing?
Tendency to better recall the first & last items in a list
What is the Serial Position Effect?