Passive Causative
Passive with Modal
Get-Passive vs. Be-Passive
The Passive Verb Tenses
Wild Card
100

"She ______ her _____ cut."


"She had her hair cut."

  • Explanation: A simple, everyday use of the passive causative.

  • Structure: Subject + had + object + past participle

  • Meaning: She arranged for someone else (a hairdresser) to cut her hair.


100

"The work _____ be _______ by noon."

"The work must be finished by noon."

  • Structure: [Subject] + modal + be + past participle

  • Meaning: Someone needs to finish the work before noon. The emphasis is on the work, not the person doing it.

  • Modal: must (necessity or obligation)

  • Passive Voice: Yes — the doer is not mentioned.

100


100


Bonus 700

100

Simple Present Passive

 The book __ _______ (write) by the author.

Active Simple Present:

Simple Present Passive

  • Passive: The book is written by the author.

  • Structure: Subject + am/is/are + past participle

  • Verb: write → written

  • Active: The author writes the book.


100

Simple Present Event 

"The window ___ cleaned every morning."

"The window ____ cleaned every morning."

Be-passive:

"The window is cleaned every morning."

  • Structure: Subject + be (is) + past participle

  • Meaning: Someone cleans the window every morning. It's factual, neutral, and routine.

  • Tone: Objective/formal.

Get-passive:

"The window gets cleaned every morning."

  • Structure: Subject + get (gets) + past participle

  • Meaning: Same as above — someone cleans it — but “gets” adds a slightly more conversational or dynamic tone.

  • Tone: Slightly more informal, more focused on the result or process.

200

200

Bonus 600

200

"The _______ _______ be submitted by the end of the day."

"The report should be submitted by the end of the day."

  • Structure: [Subject] + modal + be + past participle

  • Meaning: It is expected that someone submits the report before the end of the day.

  • Modal: should (expectation or recommendation)

200

Past Completed Action

"He ____ fired last week."

"He ____ fired last week."

Past Completed Action

Be-passive:

"He was fired last week."

  • Structure: Subject + be (was) + past participle

  • Meaning: His employer terminated him.

  • Tone: Direct, neutral.

Get-passive:

"He got fired last week."

  • Structure: Subject + get (got) + past participle

  • Meaning: Same action, but more colloquial or emotional. Often used in spoken English.

  • Tone: More casual, sometimes with emotional emphasis (e.g., unfairness, surprise).

200

Simple Past Passive


The song _____ ______ beautifully.

Active:


  • Passive: The song was sung beautifully.

  • Structure: Subject + was/were + past participle

  • Verb: sing → sung

  • Active: She sang the song beautifully.

200

"He ____ his car washed."

"He got his car washed."

  • Explanation: Very natural in informal American English.

  • Structure: Subject + got + object + past participle

  • Meaning: He arranged or paid for someone else to wash his car.

300

"They ____ ____ ___ cleaned _______ the guests arrived."

"They had the house cleaned before the guests arrived."

  • Explanation: A common scenario involving a service arranged by someone.

  • Structure: Subject + had + object + past participle + [time clause]

  • Meaning: They arranged for a cleaner (or cleaning service) to clean the house.

300

300

Bonus 600

300

Unpleasant Event with External Cause

"She  injured in the ________."

"She ____ ______ in the accident."

Unpleasant Event with External Cause

Be-passive:

"She was injured in the accident."

  • Structure: Subject + be (was) + past participle

  • Meaning: She suffered an injury due to the accident.

  • Tone: Clinical or factual.

Get-passive:

"She got injured in the accident."

  • Structure: Subject + get (got) + past participle

  • Meaning: Same meaning, but “got” adds more emotional or personal impact.

  • Tone: More personal or informal — often heard in conversation.

300

Past Perfect Passive

The letters ____ ______ _____ (send) before the deadline.

Active:

Past Perfect Passive

  • Passive: The letters had been sent before the deadline.

  • Structure: Subject + had + been + past participle

  • Verb: send → sent

  • Active: They had sent the letters before the deadline.

300

"The documents ______ have ______ ______ during the move."

"The documents could have been lost during the move."

  • Structure: [Subject] + modal + have been + past participle

  • Meaning: It is possible that someone lost the documents while moving.

  • Modal: could have (possibility in the past)

  • Passive Voice: Emphasizes what happened to the documents, not who did it.

400

"She _____ _____ _______ repaired last week."

"She got her laptop repaired last week."

  • Explanation: Common for talking about professional services.

  • Structure: Subject + got + object + past participle + [time expression]

  • Meaning: She took her laptop to a technician to be repaired.

400

"The packages ______ not have ______ delivered yet."

"The packages might not have been delivered yet."

  • Structure: [Subject] + modal + not + have been + past participle

  • Meaning: It’s possible that someone hasn’t delivered the packages yet.

  • Modal: might not have (uncertainty about a past action)

400

Present Perfect Passive

"The project _____ ______ completed on time."

"The project ____ _______ completed on time."

Present Perfect Passive

Be-passive:

"The project has been completed on time."

  • Structure: Subject + has/have + been + past participle

  • Meaning: The project was finished on time.

  • Tone: Suitable for formal or written reports.

Get-passive:

"The project has gotten completed on time." (More common in American English)

  • Structure: Subject + has/have + gotten + past participle

  • Meaning: Same, though this use is rare and more informal.

  • Tone: Very casual; in formal writing, be-passive is preferred.


⚠️ Note: The get-passive is less common in perfect tenses, and not always accepted in formal writing.


400

400

Bonus 400

400

Present Perfect Passive

The vase _____ _____ ______ (break) accidentally.

Active:

Present Perfect Passive

  • Passive: The vase has been broken accidentally.

  • Structure: Subject + has/have + been + past participle

  • Verb: break → broken

  • Active: He has broken the vase accidentally.

500

"We'll ______ ______ _______ signed by the end of the day."

"We'll have the documents signed by the end of the day."

  • Explanation: A more advanced future form, still natural in business contexts.

  • Structure: Subject + will have + object + past participle + [time expression]

  • Meaning: Arrangements will be made for someone to sign the documents.

500

"New safety ________ should have ______ implemented _______ the ________ occurred."

"New safety measures should have been implemented before the accident occurred."

  • Structure: [Subject] + modal + have been + past participle + [time clause]

  • Meaning: Someone was supposed to put safety measures in place earlier, but didn’t.

  • Modal: should have (unfulfilled obligation or regret about the past)

  • Passive Voice: Focus on the measures, not the person responsible.

500

Passive with Modal + Emphasis on Change or Consequence

"This _____ ______ _______ followed at all times."

"This_____ ______ ______ followed at all times." (Rare, more conversational)

Passive with Modal + Emphasis on Change or Consequence

Be-passive:

"This rule must be followed at all times."

  • Structure: Modal + be + past participle

  • Meaning: The rule is mandatory to follow.

  • Tone: Formal, rule-based, impersonal.

Get-passive:

"This rule must get followed at all times." (Rare, more conversational)

  • Structure: Modal + get + past participle

  • Meaning: Same basic idea, but slightly more dynamic; can feel awkward in formal use.

  • Tone: Informal or spoken English; may sound off in writing.

500

Future Perfect Passive

The cake ____ ______ _____ ______ (eat) by the guests.

Active:

Future Perfect Passive

  • Passive: The cake will have been eaten by the guests.

  • Structure: Subject + will + have + been + past participle

  • Verb: eat → eaten

  • Active: The guests will have eaten the cake.

500

500

Bonus 500

M
e
n
u