Ancient Greece
This city-state is famous for developing democracy.
Athens
The Battle of Marathon took place in this year.
490 BCE
The Battle of Thermopylae took place in this year.
480 BCE
This war was fought mainly between Athens and this rival city-state.
Sparta
What is the name for the mountain believed to be the home of the Greek gods?
This city-state was known for its strict military upbringing and the agoge training system.
Sparta
This Persian king ordered the invasion that led to Marathon.
Darius
This Spartan king led the Greek forces at Thermopylae.
Leonidas
The Peloponnesian War began in this year.
431 BCE
This god was considered the king of the gods and ruler of the sky and thunder.
Zeus
These heavily armed Greek foot soldiers carried large round shields and long spears.
Hoplite
This Athenian general helped lead the Greeks to victory at Marathon.
Miltiades
Thermopylae was strategically important because it was this type of geographic feature.
Narrow mountain pass
This Athenian leader guided Athens at the start of the war.
Pericles
In Greek religion, this god of wine, theatre, and madness was worshipped with dramatic festivals in Athens.
Dionysus
This term describes a government ruled by a small group of powerful people, like in Sparta.
Oligarchy
The Persians invaded Greece partly to punish Athens for supporting this earlier revolt in Asia Minor.
Ionian Revolt
This Persian king led the invasion of Greece at Thermopylae.
Xerxes
This devastating thing struck Athens early in the war and killed many citizens, including Pericles.
Plague of Athens
The name of the play with Dionysus at the centre.
The Bacchae
This building, constructed on the Acropolis during Athens’ Golden Age, symbolised Athenian power and pride.
The Parthenon
The Athenians fought the Persians at Marathon partly to defend this political system from foreign control.
Democracy
Although the Greeks lost at Thermopylae, the battle is considered significant because it achieved this strategic outcome for the wider war.
It delayed the Persians and boosted Greek morale / unity
This historian wrote a detailed account of the Peloponnesian War and aimed to record events accurately rather than rely on myth.
Thucydides
This religious practice involved travelling to a sacred site, such as Delphi, to seek guidance from a god.
Consulting an oracle