CELL CYCLE
Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
a) G1 b) M c) G2 d) S
d) S
Transcription occurs in the:
a) Cytoplasm b) Nucleus c) Ribosome d) Mitochondria
b) Nucleus
Translation occurs at the:
a) Ribosome b) Lysosome c) Golgi d) Nucleus
a) Ribosome
DNA wrapped around histones forms:
a) Codons b) Nucleosomes c) Enhancers d) Introns
b) Nucleosomes
What enzyme helps regulate the cell cycle?
a) Kinase b) Ligase c) Helicase d) Polymerase
a) Kinase
The M phase includes:
a) Only mitosis b) Mitosis and cytokinesis c) DNA replication d) RNA synthesis
b) Mitosis and cytokinesis
RNA polymerase binds to the:
a) Operator b) Start codon c) Terminator d) Promoter
d) Promoter
The start codon AUG codes for:
a) Alanine b) Methionine c) Glycine d) Tyrosine
b) Methionine
Which structure is found in prokaryotic gene regulation but NOT eukaryotes?
a) Promoters b) Operons c) Introns d) Enhancers
b) Operons
Which molecule carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes?
a) siRNA b) mRNA c) rRNA d) tRNA
b) mRNA
CDKs are activated when bound to:
a) Histones b) Cyclins c) tRNA d) Nucleosomes
b) Cyclins
Which nucleotide does RNA contain that DNA does NOT?
a) Thymine b) Cytosine c) Uracil d) Adenine
c) Uracil
The ribosomal A site:
a) Holds the polypeptide chain b) Accepts incoming tRNAs c) Releases tRNAs d) Binds promoters
b) Accepts incoming tRNAs
RNA interference (siRNA) works by:
a) Degrading mRNA b) Increasing translation c) Making ribosomes d) Adding methyl groups
a) Degrading mRNA
Exons are:
a) Expressed coding regions b) Promoter sites c) Noncoding sequences d) RNA polymerase binding sites
a) Expressed coding regions
Which checkpoint prevents damaged DNA from being replicated?
a) G2/M b) Cytokinesis c) G0 d) G1/S
d) G1/S
In eukaryotes, mRNA is produced by RNA polymerase:
a) I b) III c) II d) IV
c) II
The P site is where:
a) tRNAs exit b) The polypeptide chain is held c) mRNA attaches d) Ribosomes are made
b) The polypeptide chain is held
Removing acetyl groups from histones generally:
a) Represses transcription b) Activates transcription c) Has no effect d) Destroys DNA
a) Represses transcription
Apoptosis is:
a) Random rupture b) Programmed cell death c) Cell bursting from infection d) Cell aging
b) Programmed cell death
Uncontrolled cell division leads to:
a) Differentiation b) Cancer c) Translation d) Apoptosis
b) Cancer
Introns are:
a) Removed during RNA processing b) Coding regions c) Always translated d) Promoter sequences
a) Removed during RNA processing
Which RNA type brings amino acids to the ribosome?
a) mRNA b) rRNA c) tRNA d) siRNA
c) tRNA
The lac operon is ON when:
a) Lactose absent b) Lactose present, glucose low c) Glucose high d) RNA polymerase inactive
b) Lactose present, glucose low
Splicing occurs in:
a) Cell membrane b) Prokaryotes c) Eukaryotes d) Lysosomes
c) Eukaryotes