Foreign Bodies
This object is the most commonly ingested foreign body in young children.
Pain and fullness in the ear with recent congestion may be caused by this dysfunction.
What is eustachian tube dysfunction?
Sore throat with trismus (jaw stiffness) and a "hot potato voice" may indicate this deep neck space infection.
What is a peritonsillar abscess?
This is the most common cause of vomiting in children, usually accompanied by diarrhea.
What is viral gastroenteritis?
This imaging modality is the first step in evaluating a suspected ingested coin.
What is a plain X-ray?
Children often insert these small, round, and sometimes magnetized objects into noses, ears, or even ingest them.
What are beads?
This is the first-line oral antibiotic for most cases of acute otitis media in children.
What is amoxicillin?
A child with sore throat, drooling, muffled voice, and difficulty breathing needs to be evaluated for this emergency.
What is epiglottitis?
Projectile, non-bilious vomiting in a 3-week-old infant suggests this condition.
What is pyloric stenosis?
In an asymptomatic patient who swallowed a small blunt object, the most common management is this.
What is observation and monitoring of stool?
If ingested this can cause severe tissue damage.
What are button batteries?
A red, bulging, and immobile eardrum seen on otoscopy indicates this common diagnosis.
What is acute otitis media?
Hand, foot, and mouth disease, which can cause painful throat ulcers, is most often caused by this virus.
What is coxsackievirus?
In a neonate, bilious vomiting should prompt urgent evaluation for this type of obstruction.
What is malrotation with volvulus?
Coins lodged in this part of the GI tract may need endoscopic removal if symptomatic.
What is the esophagus?
The ingestion of these can result in intestinal fistulas or perforation.
What are magnets?
Persistent ear pain and drainage in a child despite antibiotics could signal this condition.
What is chronic otitis media or tympanic membrane perforation?
This cause of sore throat may also produce conjunctivitis and a runny nose.
What is adenovirus?
A child who presents with vomiting and altered mental status after a viral illness and aspirin use is at risk for this.
What is Reye syndrome?
Immediate removal of button batteries in the esophagus is crucial due to this risk.
What is tissue necrosis or perforation?
The following symptoms are indicative of an aspirated foreign body.
Coughing, wheezing and no fever.
A child with ear pain, redness behind the ear, and the ear sticking out may have this complication.
What is mastoiditis?
This viral illness can cause sore throat, high fever, and grayish membranes over the tonsils in older children.
What is Epstein-Barr virus (mononucleosis)?
A child with vomiting, lethargy, and a bulging fontanelle may have this.
What is meningitis or increased intracranial pressure?
Radiolucent objects like plastic may not be seen on X-ray and may need this for diagnosis.
What is endoscopy or clinical correlation?