learning principals
what do indigenous people focus on passing down generations
knowledge and culture
who is the head of an indigenous tribe
chief
This 1990 landmark Canadian Supreme Court case recognized the constitutional rights of Indigenous peoples to land and resources, and resulted in an agreement between the government and the Nisga'a Nation.
The Nisga'a Treaty
This style of Indigenous dance is commonly seen in powwows, and includes vibrant feathered regalia. It is a spiritual and celebratory dance performed by both men and women.
Fancy Dance or Fancy Shawl Dance
This policy, which lasted for over a century in Canada, aimed to assimilate Indigenous children by removing them from their families and communities and placing them in government-run institutions.
residential school system
This principle involves the interconnectedness of all living beings and emphasizes respect for the environment, animals, and plants in Indigenous teachings.
circle of life
his Indigenous nation is the largest in Canada by population and is spread across the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario.
cree
This historic agreement, signed in 1999, led to the creation of this new territory in Canada, primarily inhabited by the Inuit.
Nunavut
This annual event, one of the largest gatherings of Indigenous peoples in Canada, includes cultural exhibitions, drumming, dancing, and feasts. what is it called
Powwow
This was the primary goal of the residential school system, which deeply impacted Indigenous cultures, languages, and identities.
assimilation
n many Indigenous cultures, this approach to learning is rooted in storytelling, where knowledge is passed down through what technique
oral story telling
his Indigenous group is primarily located in the northern regions of Canada and has a unique language called Inuktitut. They are known for their survival skills in the Arctic environment.
inuit peoples
This legal principle in Canada requires the government to consult and accommodate Indigenous communities before making decisions that affect their rights to land and resources.
The Duty to Consult
This Indigenous art form, created by carving into wood or stone, is a well-known tradition of the Haida and Kwakwaka’wakw peoples.
Totem Pole carving
This Indigenous group, particularly the Sioux, were among the first to experience the devastating effects of residential schools.
First Nations
This Indigenous principle emphasizes the importance of teaching students their native language, as well as how to speak to and understand the land and animals.
language and land connection
This 1876 Canadian law, which created the legal framework for reserves, treaties, and the governance of First Nations communities, has been highly criticized for its impact on Indigenous peoples.
the Indian Act
when was the Indian act abolished in Canada
1985
This traditional art form involves creating intricate patterns on a wide range of materials, often used for clothing, regalia, and ceremonial items in various Indigenous cultures.
beadwork
when was the last residential school closed
1996
In Indigenous learning, this type of education stresses the value of spiritual growth and personal development alongside intellectual and physical learning.
holistic learning or holistic education
This principle recognizes that Indigenous peoples have the right to self-governance and decision-making within their territories.
self-determination
This is the process by which Indigenous communities claim ownership and rights to land that they have traditionally inhabited but have not formally been recognized by the government.
land claim negotiation or land rights claim
This sacred Indigenous ceremony, often practiced by many First Nations, involves the use of a pipe and tobacco to communicate with the Creator, spirits, and ancestors.
pipe ceremony
this term refers to the trauma and long-lasting effects faced by survivors of residential schools, including issues such as cultural disconnection, abuse, and loss of language.
intergenerational trauma