Ontological
What is Descartes’s more complex argument for the existence of God?
Ontological arguement
Who resisted cosmological argument
Thomas Aquinas
What is the teleological argument for the existence of God?
It is an argument for God’s existence based on the purposefulness of nature
What is the problem of Evil?
The logical problem of evil is that there is evil in this world. But if god is omniscient, omnipotent, and omnibenevolent, why does he allow evil on this world?
who authored the first ontological argument?
Anselm
Fill in the blank. “God could have made the universe without ( ) and then made them." -Thomas Aquinas
humans
What is a teleological argument also known as?
Intelligent Design
Name the 2 types of evil
Moral evil and natural evil
What is Descartes’s “Ontological Argument” for God's existence?
Our idea of God is of a perfect being.
It is more perfect to exist than not to exist.
Therefore, God must exist.
What are the 3 arguments called Cosmological Arguments that Thomas Aquinas made?
- Argument from Causation
- Argument from Motion
- Argument from Contingency
Who popularized the teleological argument?
William Paley
How do atheists explain the problem of evil? (List 1)
1. There is no god
2. god is not omniscient, omnipotent, and omnibenevolent
How does Descartes define clear and distinct perception?
clear means what is present and accessible to the attentive mind and distinct means being clear and sharply separated from all other perceptions so that it contains within itself only what is clear
Why was God the unmoved mover according to Aquinas?
Everything in motion is put in motion by something else. There can’t be an infinite regress of movers. So there must be a first mover, God.
What is watchmaker analogy?
the natural world is a complex mechanism that proves the existence of a divine creator. (Since the watch is a complex mechanism, its design watch doesn't just happen without a designer.)
What is the evidential problem of evil?
The evidential problem of evil argues that there is so much evil in this world, more than what is needed.
How does Descartes argue for the real distinction between mind and body?
the mind is indivisible because he cannot perceive himself as having any parts.
Why was God the uncaused first causer according to Aquinas?
Nothing causes itself, so there can’t be an infinite regress of causers. So there must have been an uncaused first causer, God.
Is the teleological argument a posteriori?
Yes, as it derives its evidence from observation of the natural world, and inductive because the truth of the premises does not logically guarantee the truth of the conclusion.
How does the Soul-Making Theodicy relate to the problem of evil?
Soul-making theodicy is that god creates us unfinished. The imperfect world toughens us up, giving us traits that wouldn’t be possible without evil. Then, it explains why there's evil as we are trained and built into a particular kind of being.