Hips don't Lie
An athlete falls on their lateral hip during a football game. They come to you reporting pain and tenderness localized over their greater trochanter. Upon inspection, you find edema and ecchymosis over the area. What is the most likely diagnosis based on this information?
Hip pointer
This condition typically affects 12-15 year old boys and 10-13 year old girls, especially when they are in a growth spurt
Osgood-Schlatter
A patient comes in complaining of lateral ankle pain. Upon inspection, you find mild edema and ecchymosis around the lateral malleolus. Evaluation shows weakness in dorsiflexion and eversion. You also perform a few special tests and get a + anterior drawer and talar tilt test. What diagnosis would you give this patient?
ATF and CF sprain
What force most commonly produces a dashboard injury?
Posterior force proximal to the tibia w/flexed knee
This positive test indicates a weak gluteus medius
Trendelenburg test
A long-distance runner presents with lateral hip pain that worsens while running. They have recently increased their volume and feel some snapping when flexing their hip. What is the most likely condition
IT band friction syndrome
What is the most sensitive special test for an ACL tear?
Lachman test
A fracture of the 5th metatarsal at the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction
Jones fracture
Which mechanism is MOST commonly associated with ACL injuries in female athletes?
Hyperextension with valgus and rotation
Legg-Calve-Perthes results from
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
Pain reproduced in Patrick’s (FABER) test posteriorly suggests pathology in this area.
SI joint
Medial joint line pain, delayed swelling, positive McMurray, and twisting injury. What type of meniscus tear is classically involved in adolescents?
Peripheral longitudinal tear / bucket handle?
A 12 y/o basketball player complains of heel pain that gets worse when running and jumping. They have point tenderness at the calcaneal apophysis and present a negative Thompson's test. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Sever's disease
Which is the MOST likely mechanism of injury for myositis ossificans?
Direct trauma to the muscle
A posteriorly dislocated hip will appear...
Flexed, adducted, and internally rotated
A runner reports pain with prolonged sitting and clicking during hip flexion. MRI shows acetabular labral tear. Which muscle tightness often contributes?
Iliopsoas tightness
Pain at the inferior patellar pole in an adolescent jumper, worse with jumping or kneeling, often confused with Osgood-Schlatter.
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome
A 35 y/o reports a "pop" while playing pickup basketball and is showing visible swelling an ecchymosis on the posterior side of their lower leg. Thompson test is positive. What other finding would most likely confirm an Achilles rupture?
Palpable defect in the calcaneal tendon
What would be an extrinsic factor that contributes to medial tibial stress syndrome?
Improper footwear
How do you determine that a Salter-Harris fracture is a Type III
Through the physis + Epiphysis
(SALTR), L = Lower
A soccer player reports gradual onset unilateral groin pain that worsens with cutting, pivoting, and resisted trunk flexion. There is no palpable inguinal bulge. Resisted sit-up reproduces pain near the pubic symphysis.
Athletic pubalgia
A skier sustains valgus force with axial load. They present with significant edema and inability to bear weight. What is the first injury that must be ruled out?
Tibial plateau fracture
A soccer player has inversion injury but reports medial ankle pain. Valgus stress at 30° flexion reproduces pain. Which ligament is most likely involved?
Deltoid ligament
A 17-year-old runner reports dorsal foot pain after a sudden increase in mileage. Pain is localized to the second metatarsal shaft and worsens with activity. Most likely mechanism?
Repetitive microtrauma from increased weight-bearing or training volume
This muscle is the only muscle with a direct attachment to the cuboid and is highly associated with medial tibial stress syndrome.
Tibialis posterior