BASICS
What is the function of a resistor in a circuit?
To limit current and protect components.
What does a push button do in a circuit?
It allows or interrupts current (input).
What does an IF statement do?
It checks a condition
What colors make up an RGB LED?
Red, Green, Blue
What does digitalWrite do?
Turns a pin ON or OFF.
What happens if you connect an LED without a resistor?
It can burn or get damaged.
What value does a button return when using INPUT_PULLUP and NOT pressed?
HIGH
What is the purpose of ELSE?
It runs when the condition is false.
What color do you get if all RGB colors are ON?
White
What does analogRead return?
A value between 0 and 1023.
What does GND represent in a circuit?
The ground or return path of electricity.
What value does a button return when pressed with INPUT_PULLUP?
LOW
What is the difference between IF and ELSE IF?
ELSE IF checks another condition if the first is false.
What happens if the RGB common pin is connected incorrectly?
The LED won’t work correctly or shows wrong colors.
What is a variable used for?
To store information.
What is the difference between INPUT and OUTPUT in Arduino?
INPUT reads signals, OUTPUT sends signals.
What is an example of an output device?
LED / buzzer
What does AND mean in logic?
Both conditions must be true.
What is the difference between common cathode and common anode?
Cathode → GND / Anode → 5V
Why do we use a variable like “state”?
To remember a condition (ON/OFF).
What does the Arduino loop() function do?
It runs the code repeatedly.
Why do we use INPUT_PULLUP instead of an external resistor?
It simplifies the circuit using internal resistance.
What does OR mean in logic?
At least one condition must be true.
Why does an RGB LED sometimes show white when it shouldn’t?
All colors are activated at the same time.
Why do we use a delay or debounce in buttons?
To avoid multiple fast readings.