Energy Systems
Name the 3 energy systems
Phosphagen, glycolytic, oxidative
Which macronutrient has the highest energy value?
Lipids (9 kcal/g)
Name 3 natural sources or iron.
Red meat, beans, spinach,.....
What two factors make up the magnitude of injury risk?
Likelihood and severity
What is the difference between a sprain and a strain?
Sprain = ligaments, strain = muscles/tendons
What is the role of creatine phosphate in the phosphagen system?
Assists in ATP production by donating its phosphate to an ADP molecule.
What do RED-S and LEA stand for?
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport, Low Energy Availability
This micronutrient, also known as ascorbic acid, helps support the immune system and increase tissue healing.
Vitamin C
Identify and explain two reasons why a younger age can DECREASE risk of injury?
Bone flexibility, slower pace, less intense,
Typically caused by friction or a rough surface, this type of injury results in the removal of skin.
Abrasion
What two byproducts of anaerobic glycolysis bond to form lactate?
Pyruvate and hydrogen ions
On which type of fatty acid would you find a double bond?
Unsaturated
A deficiency in this mineral can lead to osteoperosis.
Calcium
State the 5 external risk factors.
PPE, equipment, playing surface, position, environment
What type of bone fracture results in one side being bent?
Greenstick fracture
In which part of the cell does the Krebs cycle take place?
Mitochondrial matrix
Name two important functions of protein in the body.
Tissue repair, transport/communication, antibodies (protection), enzymes
Name 3 functions of sodium in the body.
Fluid/electrolyte balance, muscle contraction, communication,...
Name the female reproductive hormone that causes loosening of ligaments, tendons, and muscles during pregnancy.
Relaxin
What is a comminuted fracture?
Bone has broken into 3 or more pieces
What is the process that turns fatty acids into Acetyl-CoA?
Beta-Oxidation
What is the medical term for protein deficiency? (Hint: the first two letters are Hy-)
Hypoproteinemia
This disease is caused by severe Vitamin C deficiency. (Hint: Jack Sparrow probs had it at some point)
Scurvy
What is the name of the angle created by the angle of the top surface of the tibia? (Hint: it is larger in females and increases the risk of ACL injury)
Posterior Tibial Slope
Name and describe the surgical treatment for compartment syndrome?
Fasciotomy - the fascia of the affected muscle is cut through in order to relieve pressure