The Basics
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that can exist
Define reactants
The two substances that are reacted together in a chemical reaction
What is the reactivity series?
A list of metals in order of reactivity
In a displacement reaction, which metal in a compound gets replaced?
The less reactive one
What is a rock that contains enough of a metal or metal compound worth mining called?
An ore
Define element
A substance made up of only one type of atom
On which side of an equation are the products found?
The right hand side
What are the three metals at the bottom of the reactivity series that can be used in jewellery?
Silver, Gold, Platinum
Can displacement reactions be reversed?
No they cannot because the less reactive metal cannot displace the more reactive one
If a substance loses Oxygen, we say that it has what?
Reduced
Why would I not find H20 on the periodic table?
It is a compound not an element
Atoms are rearranged to form new products with different properties
The three metals at the top of reactivity series (Potassium, Sodium and Lithium) are found in which group of the periodic table?
Group 1
Complete the equation - you must have both products correct for the points
Aluminium + Iron Oxide ->
Aluminium + Iron Oxide -> Aluminium Oxide + Iron
What type of reaction happens when a substance gains Oxygen?
Oxidation reaction
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
A compound is 2 or more different elements chemically bonded together. A mixture is 2 or more different elements or compounds NOT chemically bonded together
What is the rule when balancing symbol equations?
You cannot change the small numbers - you can only add big numbers in front of the element or compound
Potassium Hydroxide + Hydrogen
Magnesium + Copper Nitrate or Zinc + Sodium Chloride
Magnesium + Copper Nitrate would be a displacement reaction as magnesium is more reactive than copper. Zinc is less reactive than sodium so no displacement would take place
In order to extract metals that are more reactive than Carbon, which process can be used?
Electrolysis
What are the 4 state symbols and what do they mean?
(s) - Solid (l) - Liquid (g) - Gas (aq) - Aqueous
Balance this equation Mg + O2 -> MgO
Balanced: 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
To prevent Iron rusting, a more reactive metal can be attached to the Iron to protect it as the more reactive metal will react with oxygen and water. What is this this method of protecting Iron called?
Sacrificial Protection
If I place a strip of Zinc into a Copper Sulfate solution, what would I expect to see to both the strip of Zinc and eventually the Copper Sulfate solution?
Copper would start to form on the strip of Zinc as it is displaced from the solution. If left long enough, the solution would be colourless as only Zinc Sulfate is left
Why would electrolysis not be used to extract metals that are less reactive than Carbon - even though it is possible to do so?
It is more expensive as a lot of electricity is needed to heat the Iron Oxide to keep it molten. Electrolysis will not work if the Iron Oxide is solid