Lesson Frameworks
This classical lesson framework is commonly used for teaching grammar and vocabulary.
What is PPP?
CRA stands for Clarify, Restricted use, and this.
What is Authentic Use?
This reading strategy focuses on getting the general idea of a text rather than specific details.
What is reading for gist?
This type of listening aims to get the main idea of a text.
What is listening for gist?
This type of motivation comes from within and is driven by enjoyment or interest in the learning itself.
What is intrinsic motivation?
This approach to teaching encourages students to notice patterns and rules in language through structured activities before explicit explanations.
What is guided discovery?
Unlike PPP, TBL lessons prioritize this over controlled practice.
What is authentic communication?
Before reading or listening, teachers may ask students to guess what the content will be about.
What is prediction?
A listening skill where learners focus on picking out particular details, such as a train departure time or a phone number.
What is listening for specific information?
Learning a language to become part of the target culture or make friends with native speakers shows this orientation.
What is integrative motivation?
Jeremy Harmer proposed this variation of the classical lesson framework.
What is the ESA framework?
OHE stands for this, this, and this.
What is Observe, Hypothesize, and Experiment?
When learners figure out a speaker’s feelings, opinions, or tone from their choice of words and intonation, they are practicing this skill.
What is inferring attitude?
This teaching technique helps students with challenging words before texts to prevent comprehension difficulties.
What is pre-teaching blocking vocabulary?
Studying English to get a better job or pass an exam is an example of this kind of motivation.
What is instrumental motivation?
This approach often begins with a task before any explicit language input.
What is weak TBL (Task-Based Learning)?
Name one potential pitfall of guided discovery if not scaffolded properly.
What is student confusion / misinterpreting rules / cognitive overload?
A teacher engages students in a discussion about travel experiences before reading a text about tourism.
What is activating schemata?
This concept describes how listeners predict and interpret meaning using context and prior knowledge.
What is top-down processing?
According to Dörnyei, this concept describes a learner’s vision of who they want to be as a proficient language user.
What is the Ideal L2 Self?
This framework challenges traditional input–practice–output by flipping the order.
What is TTT (Test-Teach-Test)?
Developed by N.S. Prabhu in India, this communicative teaching project emphasized task-based learning over explicit grammar instruction.
What is the Bangalore Project?
This kind of reading task requires students to reconstruct a text that has been broken into parts.
What is a jigsaw reading?
I regularly listen to a podcast on psychology while driving to work, and develop this sub-skill.
What is extensive listening?
The "ought-to self" in Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System is shaped primarily by this.
What is external expectations or perceived duties/responsibilities?