Anthropology
What does physical anthology study?
a) Human cultures
b) Human origins
c) Learned behaviour
b) Human origins
What is reinforcement?
a) Something the individual finds pleasant
b) Any event that strengthens or increases a response
c) Anything that decreases a response
b) Any event that strengthens or increases a response
Norms are:
a) Shared rules of conduct
b) Guidelines for individual behaviour
c) Specific laws enforced by society
a) Shared rules of conduct
A hypothesis is:
a) A possible answer to a research question
b) An observation of behaviour in a natural setting
c) A summary of research findings
a) A possible answer to a research question
The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted by:
a) Philip Zimbardo
b) Solomon Asch
c) Stanley Milgram
a) Philip Zimbardo
What is ethnocentrism?
a) A belief that all cultures are of equal value
b) When you adopt another person's culture as your own
c) The evaluation of other cultures based on preconceptions about your own culture
c) The evaluation of other cultures based on preconceptions about your own culture
What does classical conditioning best explain?
a) The ability to drive a car
b) Cleaning your room so your mom will give you dessert
c) Getting hungry as soon as the lunch bell rings
c) Getting hungry as soon as the lunch bell rings
What is systemic discrimination?
a) The act of promoting discrimination via media
b) Discrimination supported by societal systems and structures
c) Stereotypes taught by institutions
b) Discrimination supported by societal systems and structures
What is qualitative data?
a) Data represented by numbers
b) Non-numerical data like observations or interviews
c) A statistical analysis of behaviour
b) Non-numerical data like observations or interviews
What did the Asch Conformity Experiments demonstrate?
a) Groups pressure individuals to answer incorrectly
b) Individuals can cause harm under authority pressure
c) Groups strengthen moral decision-making
a) Groups pressure individuals to answer incorrectly
Archaeology is:
a) The discipline that studies the physical remains of past cultures through excavation and reconstruction
b) The discipline that studies all aspects of a culture, including language and material artifacts
c) The discipline that studies chimpanzees and other primates
a) The discipline that studies the physical remains of past cultures through excavation and reconstruction
What is the key primary agent of socialization, especially during the first 10 years of life?
a) Peers
b) Media
c) Family
c) Family
What is anticipatory socialization?
a) The process of learning how to behave in future situations
b) Resocialization into new norms
c) Socialization during early childhood
a) The process of learning how to behave in future situations
Which step does NOT belong in scientific inquiry?
a) Compare conclusions
b) Analyze results
c) Reflection and critical thinking
c) Reflection and critical thinking
What was unethical about the Brown-Eyes, Blue-Eyes Experiment?
a) It reinforced group collaboration
b) It created discrimination among children
c) It used animals instead of human participants
b) It created discrimination among children
What is a rite of passage?
a) A ceremony marking a person’s progress from one phase of life to another
b) A term for people who accept cultural differences
c) No longer relevant to anthropology
a) A ceremony marking a person’s progress from one phase of life to another
The psychological explanation for imagining an “angel and devil” during a decision is:
a) Id/Ego/Superego
b) Conscious/Unconscious
c) Persona/Shadow
a) Id/Ego/Superego
The significance of Stanley Milgram’s research is:
a) Social scientists now understand how authority pressures individuals
b) Ethics are no longer a concern in social science research
c) Children who witness violent acts are more likely to repeat them
Social scientists now understand how authority pressures individuals
What is the unintended side effect of lessons learned in the education system?
a) Primary socialization
b) Hidden curriculum
c) Cultural norms
b) Hidden curriculum
What was the purpose of Sherif’s Robbers Cave Experiment?
a) To study intergroup conflict and cooperation
b) To measure peer pressure in adolescents
c) To test obedience to authority
a) To study intergroup conflict and cooperation
Which research method would most likely be used to test how students respond to a smile in the hall?
a) Sample survey
b) Experiment
c) Content analysis
b) Experiment
A Freudian slip is:
a) When someone forgets a traumatic memory
b) When someone says one thing but means another
c) When someone acts out subconscious aggression
b) When someone says one thing but means another
Gender roles are:
a) Internalized by one’s family
b) Based on norms of masculine or feminine behaviour
c) All of the above
c) All of the above
Who first used the term "sociology"?
a) Comte
b) Durkheim
c) Zimbardo
a) Comte
Why is ethical research important?
a) To protect participants from harm and maintain trust in research
b) To create more valid results
c) To allow researchers to repeat the experiments freely
a) To protect participants from harm and maintain trust in research