Plant & Animal Cells
What controls what goes in and out of the cell?
Cell Membrane
Are bacteria living or non-living?
Living
What type of organism is always at the start of a food chain?
Plants
What is an adaptation?
What does 'habitat loss' mean?
When animals lose their natural home or environment.
Which cell part contains the DNA and controls the cell's activities?
Nucleus
What are decomposers?
Organisms who break down DEAD organic matter.
What do we call an animal that only eats plants?
Herbivore
What type of adaptation is a penguin huddling together to stay warm - structural, behavioural, or physiological?
Behavioural
A rabbit eaten by a hawk is an example of what type of interaction? Competition, predation or habitat loss?
Predation
Which structure is found in plant cells, but not animal cells, and helps plants make food using sunlight?
Chloroplast
What does MRSGREN stand for?
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
What do we call plants in a food chain/web and why?
Producers, because they produce their own food using sunlight (photosynthesis).
A cactus has spikes instead of leaves. What advantage does this give it?
Protects from animals eating it.
If two species both need the same food in an ecosystem, what is this called? Predation, competition or habitat loss?
Competition
What kind of cell contains a large vacuole, and what is the purpose of it?
To store the water/sap of the PLANT cell.
What substance do bacteria and fungi release to break down their food so they can absorb it?
Enzymes
What is the difference between a carnivore and an omnivore?
Carnivores ONLY eat meat.
Omnivores eat meat AND plants.
What is the difference between a structural and a behavioural adaptation?
Structural = physical body/how the organism looks
Behavioural = how the organism acts
Name one human activity that threatens animal populations.
Deforestation, pollution, overfishing, hunting, climate change (any valid example).
Name two differences between plant cells and animal cells.
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, animal cells do not. (Large vacuole is also acceptable.
What Kingdom do bacteria belong to?
Monera
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain shows one pathway of energy flow, a food web shows many interconnected pathways.
Give one example of an adaptation in an Arctic animal and explain how it helps them survive in such a cold environment.
Examples: Thick fur/blubber for warmth, white fur for camouflage, small ears to reduce heat loss.
Introduced predators (like stoats or cats in New Zealand) are a major threat to native species. Explain why.
Native species often did not evolve defences against these predators, so populations can get cut down quickly or go extinct.