Early Humans and the Neolithic Revolution
What were early people called when they moved from place to place to find food?
They were called hunter-gatherers because they hunted animals and gathered wild plants for food.
Why did many early civilizations develop near rivers?
Rivers provided fresh water, fertile soil, food, and routes for transportation and trade.
What region’s name means “the land between two rivers”?
Mesopotamia is the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Which river valley was home to the Indus civilization?
The Indus civilization developed along the Indus River.
What is cultural diffusion?
Cultural diffusion is the spread of ideas, beliefs, or practices from one society to another.
What does the word bipedal mean?
Bipedal means walking on two feet.
Which major river supported ancient Egypt?
The Nile River supported ancient Egypt.
What was a pharaoh, and how much power did one hold in ancient Egypt?
A pharaoh was the ruler of ancient Egypt and held absolute power.
What evidence from Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro shows that Indus cities were carefully planned?
Their straight, perpendicular streets, sewer systems, building codes, and distinct districts show evidence of urban planning.
Which religion includes the Five Pillars of Faith and requires fasting during Ramadan?
Islam includes the Five Pillars of Faith and requires fasting during Ramadan.
What major change began about 12,000 years ago when people learned to grow crops and raise animals?
The Neolithic Revolution began when people developed agriculture and domesticated plants and animals.
What does a physical map show, and what does a political map often show?
A physical map shows natural features such as mountains, while a political map often shows borders and capital cities.
What was cuneiform, and what did it help Sumerians do?
Cuneiform was a wedge-shaped writing system that helped Sumerians keep records and write official documents and laws.
What social system divided traditional Indian society into ranked groups with limited social mobility?
The caste system divided traditional Indian society into ranked groups with limited social mobility.
What does the Buddhist Eightfold Path teach followers to do?
The Eightfold Path teaches Buddhists to follow practices that help overcome desire and end suffering.
How did farming lead to permanent settlements and job specialization?
Farming created more reliable food supplies and surpluses, allowing people to settle in one place while some worked in occupations other than food production.
What field of study examines how location and physical surroundings influence how people live?
Geography examines how location and physical surroundings influence how people live.
What was Hammurabi’s Code?
Hammurabi’s Code was a written collection of laws and punishments created under the Babylonian king Hammurabi.
What did Confucianism teach about family and society?
Confucianism taught that proper behavior and respect for parents and elders helped create social harmony.
What is filial piety?
Filial piety is respect and duty toward one’s parents and elders.
In the quotation by Mary Leakey about working in East Africa on 'human origins that are common to the whole human race,' what is she implying about where early humans first appeared?
She is implying that early humans first appeared in Africa.
What is a primary source, and which is an example of one?
A primary source is a firsthand record from the time being studied, such as an autobiography or diary.
What does an excerpt from Hammurabi’s Code that assigns different punishments according to a person’s rank show about Babylonian society?
It shows that the law treated people differently depending on their social class.
How did geography both protect and isolate early China?
Mountains and deserts acted as barriers that slowed contact with other regions and helped strengthen China’s cultural isolation.
How does the spread of Buddhism from India through Southeast Asia illustrate cultural diffusion?
It illustrates cultural diffusion because Buddhist beliefs and practices spread from one region to other societies through contact.