Crusades
Who lived in the Holy Land before the Crusades began?
Muslims/Islamic Empires
On what continents did the Ottoman Empire establish a presence?
Africa, Asia, Europe
What did the Ming dynasty reinstate in order to strengthen their systems of governance?
The Civil Service Exams
Which philosophy that was developed during the Renaissance is associated with a shift in focus away from religious subjects toward more secular subjects?
Humanism
Whose ideas were spread to spearhead the Protestant reformation, thanks to the development of the printing press?
What religious perspective is reflected in the following quote: “We must fight to keep control of Jerusalem in the hands of those who believe in Allah”
Muslim perspective
What body of water allowed for increased trade in the Ottoman Empire?
Mediterranean Sea
The Ming Dynasty blended ideologies from these three religions/philosophies:
Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism
One reason the Renaissance flourished in Italy was because of...
-Close proximity to trade with Constantinople (Istanbul)
-Roman history is restored (thanks to Islamic scholars) and Rome remains a city of importance
What happened in Russia as a result of Peter the Great's changes to government?
Whose perspective does this best connect to during the time of the crusades (name place and religion!) “An investment in ships and knights will yield control of profitable trade routes”
European Christian perspective (esp. merchants!)
What did Suleiman the Great do during his rule that makes him similar to absolute rulers in later eras?
He consolidated power, centralizing government control
-Establish diplomacy with Asian and African countries
-Expand trade routes
What innovation led to the following developments:
-Higher literacy rates
-Spreading of secular ideas
-Art/literature/theater for entertainment (Shakespeare!)
The Printing Press
What is a key characteristic of absolutism? (more than 1 answer!)
-Divine right used to justify rule
-Centralizing control to one person in government
-Strengthening military powers
The Catholic Church
In 1453 the Ottoman Empire rose to power by defeating the...
*Hint: Constantinople becomes Istanbul
Byzantine Empire.
What was the Civil Service Exam?
A standardized exam used to hire government officials based on Confucian teachings.
What famous thinker wrote that it is better for a ruler to be feared than loved?
Niccolo Machiavelli
How did the Scientific Revolution shift religious authority in Europe?
The Catholic church loses power as people begin relying on evidence-based methods to understand the world around them; people begin questioning the church.
What was a long-term effect of the crusades (more than 1 right answer!)
-Cultural diffusion
-Increased trade between Middle East, Asia, Europe
-Europeans take control of Holy Land
What were the enslaved infantrymen commissioned to fight in the Ottoman Empire called?
The Janissaries
They wanted to avoid takeover by other groups - especially the Mongols
What was a major reason for the start of the Protestant Reformation in Europe?
The Catholic Church began selling indulgences; their classism starts creating doubt in their authority.
Name 2 of the scientists we've learned about during the Scientific Revolution AND their contributions
-Copernicus: Heliocentricity
-Galileo: Builds improved telescope, supports Copernicus's theories
-Kepler: Builds on C+G, finds the planets orbit in elliptical motion
-Francis Bacon: Creates Scientific Method