Unit 1
This organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it produces energy through cellular respiration.
What are mitochondria?
The process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells
What is mitosis?
The term for the selective permeability of the cell membrane, allowing some substances to pass through while restricting others
What is semipermeability or selectively permeable?
The name of the process by which a new species arises from a pre-existing species
What is speciation?
The primary source of energy for most ecosystems
What is the Sun?
This structure contains the genetic material of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
The direction is the new DNA strand synthesized during replication
What is the 5' to 3' direction?
The primary component of the cell membrane
What are phospholipids?
The use of a Punnett square
What is a tool used to predict the possible genetic outcomes of a cross between two individuals?
The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen
What is photosynthesis?
This organelle is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins within the cell.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
During DNA replication, the enzyme responsible for unwinding the double helix
What is helicase?
Common method of asexual reproduction in which an organism splits into two or more offspring
What is binary fission?
The purpose of a dichotomous key
What is to help users identify and classify organisms or objects by narrowing down options through a series of specific questions?
The term for organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms
What are heterotrophs or consumers?
Name 3 difference between plant and animal cells
-Chloroplast
- Cell wall
- Shape
phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur
Interphase
In sexual reproduction, the name of the specialized cells that fuse to form a zygote
What are gametes?
A mutation that occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, resulting in a shift in the reading frame
What is a frameshift mutation?
The process by which energy is transferred from one trophic level to another in an ecosystem
What is energy flow or energy transfer?
This organelle contains digestive enzymes and is involved in breaking down waste materials within the cell.
What is the lysosome?
A example a polymer of nucleic acids
What is DNA or RNA?
The process by which the cell membrane engulfs extracellular materials to bring them into the cell
What is endocytosis?
In a dihybrid cross, how many different genotypes are possible in the offspring?
What is 9 (3 genotypes for each of the three possible combinations of alleles)?
What is a trophic level?
A position in the food chain or web that determines an organism's source of energy and its role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem