Theory and Organelles
How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different?
Prokaryotic cells do not have nuclei or membrane-bound organelles, but eukaryotic cells do.
What is the main function of the cell membrane.
To maintain homeostasis by controlling what goes into and out of the cell.
How is passive transport different from active transport?
Passive transport moves down the concentration gradient, active transport moves up
Active transport moves _________ the concentration gradient.
up
What are three functions of the cell cycle?
Growth, repair, asexual reproduction (in unicellular organisms)
Which organelles are always found in prokaryotic cells?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
The cell membrane is _____________ ________________ which means it lets some things pass through it but not others.
Selectively permeable (semi-permeable)
What are the three kinds of passive transport?
__________ is the energy required for active transport
ATP
What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
What are the three tenets of classic Cell Theory?
1. All organisms are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of living things.
3. Cells come only from other cells.
phospholipid
What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Simple diffusion is when molecules can simply pass through the phospholipid bilayer, facilitated diffusion is when it must pass through a protein.
What are the two types of active transport?
Protein pumps and bulk transport
What are the three parts of interphase?
Gap 1, Syntheis, Gap 2
What is the function of ribosomes?
To produce proteins
What are the four parts of the cell membrane?
Phospholipids, carbohydrates, cholesterols, and proteins
_________________ is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis
In a sentence or two, how does a protein pump work?
Uses energy to send molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration
What happens in cytokinesis?
The cytoplasm is cut and the cell becomes two cells.
What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
Protein sorting and packaging
Which of the four parts of the cell membrane controls the fluidity of the cell membrane?
Cholesterols
______________ is the movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration.
Diffusion
What are the two types of bulk transport?
Endocytosis and exocytosis
What are the four stages of mitosis in order?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase