Section 1
Judiciary Act of 1789
The Judiciary Act establishes a national court system Local court, State court, and Supreme court
Native Americans
Native Americans grew angry, and conflicts began to break out. British troops remained in Northwest Territory. \Native Americans suffer major casualties in the Battle of Fallen Timbers. Forced to sign the Treaty of Greenville, which gave up Ohio in exchange for $20,000.
Executive Branch
Washington requests an executive branch, which is not a power listed in the Constitution. 3 executive branches are Department of State, Department of War/Defense, and Department of Treasury.
Election of 1796
John Adams and Thomas Pinckney vs. Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr. Country had a Federalist President (Adams) and a Democratic-Republican Vice-President (Jefferson). France begins to interfere with American shipping. The US sends diplomats to negotiate with France. France demanded a bribe from American diplomats. Known as the XYZ affair
Washington’s Cabinet
Created the executive branch, and set a precedent. Thomas Jefferson: Secretary of State, Henry Knox: Secretary of War, and Alexander Hamilton: Secretary of Treasury.
War with France
Americans wanted a war with France. “Millions for defense but not one cent for tribute." Congress invests in the navy. Leads to a minor clash with France (good job guys). 2 years later, America gains peace with France
Bank
The United States faced severe economic problems; $54 million in debt. Hamilton proposed that the government should combine the debt of the federal government and the states. The South thought this was a ploy to get the North rich. In exchange for Jefferson and Madison’s support in his plan, Hamilton agrees to support re-locating the capitol between Virginia and Maryland.
Alien and Sedition Acts
Made it difficult to become a citizen. Prevented Republicans from gaining new voters. Made it illegal to print government criticism. Direct violation of the First Amendment (Freedom of Speech and Press). Targeted the editors of newspapers. The Supreme Court could not declare a law unconstitutional yet. Madison and Jefferson got Kentucky and Virginia to pass a resolution to obey the acts
First Political Parties
Began in Washington’s cabinet, who tried to stay neutral and encourage Hamilton and Jefferson to cooperate despite their differences. Hamilton and Jefferson’s conflict divided the cabinet and contributed to the increase of political divisions. The first two-party systems were the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. In his farewell address, Washington warned against the creation of political parties
WASHINGTON’S DEAD
Date of death: December 14, 1799 due to a COLD?????? Bled to death slowly because people are STUPID. Napoleon Bonaparte orders a mourning period for Washington. America gets closer with France