Theory and Harmony
This is a specific cadence built on three chords, where the first two bass notes are the same, and resolves to the tonic.
What is a Ic-V-I?
This is the well known tune borrow by Joni Mitchell in her song "River"
What is Jingle Bells?
This harmonic device is widely used by Sondheim, in order to create tension.
What is dissonance?
This is where the bass part plays with the higher pitched solo line.
What is a polarised texture?
This composer often makes use of a 3 part texture of melody, chords and bass to create a richer, denser texture.
This type of chord is made up of 4 notes built on minor thirds.
What is a diminished 7th?
This is the type of electric piano used by Stevie Wonder in Superstition.
What is a clavinet?
This string technique is used by Richard Rodgers at the beginning of "Lonely Room" to create an uneasy, tense atmosphere.
What is tremolo?
This is the name of the type of structure, in which the main idea recurs throughout the movement.
What is ritornello form?
This harmonic device is used throughout the B sections of Chopin's nocturne, creating a sense of home and calm.
What is a tonic pedal?
This is a type of chord that creates the sense of a temporary tonic, often written as V/V
What is a secondary dominant?
These instruments play the sampled riff in Crazy in Love.
What are trumpets?
These instruments appear to create a sense of pomp (as in Agony), or triumph (as in On My Own), and have a warm, pure timbre.
What is a horn?
This type of texture is featured in the second movement of the Purcell.
Homophonic texture.
What is fioritura?
These two key signatures both have 5 flats.
What is Db major and Bb minor?
This melodic feature is found extensively in the majority of works of Stevie Wonder, Joni Mitchell and Beyonce, adding to the memorability of the melodies.
What is the pentatonic scale?
This song's sparse texture, quiet dynamics, use of low tessiatura and short melodic phrases add to the sense of regret and sadness.
What is "Send in the Clowns"?
This type of texture features different ideas called subject, countersubject, and free part, and is used in the final movement of the Bach concerto.
What is a fugue?
This piece makes use of two completely unrelated tonal centres - G minor and B major.
What is Brahms' Ballade?
For example, the chord consisting of C, E, G and A# in E minor.
What is an augmented 6th?
"Woodstock" was in this key, making it easier to play for Joni Mitchell, who suffered from polio as a child.
What is Eb minor?
These types of modulation are used by Schönberg (in On My Own and One Day More) to create a sudden and exciting change of mood.
What is a tertiary modulation?
This type of rhythm features in the middle movement of the Vivaldi concerto.
What is the Siciliano rhythm?
What is Chopin's Ballade?