Fill in the blank
______ is secreted by great alveolar cells, and it reduces the ______ ______ of water.
Surfactant
surface tension
Blood leaves the left atrium and enters what chamber of the heart?
left ventricle
Cardiac muscle tissue contains ______ to store oxygen.
myoglobin
What is the function of the tendinous chords?
they attach the valve to the papillary muscle.
Chronic bronchitis.
List the sequence of air.
alveoli nasal cavity, larynx, trachea,
nose, pharynx, bronchial tree, lungs, bronchi
the air enters the nasal cavity through the nose, to the pharynx, to the larynx, to the trachea, to the bronchi, to the lungs, to the bronchial tree, and to the alveoli.
The definition of partial pressure is ___________________________________
the amount of pressure an individual gas contributes to the total pressure of the mixture of gases.
Allows the heart to have oxygen readily available.
cardiac cells that are rich in myoglobin
cardiac muscle tissue contains _______ a storage molecule for glucose.
glycogen
The heart must pump out the amount of blood it receives is
Frank-Starling law of the heart
Preload is the amount of tension in the myocardium of the ventricular walls
Afterload concerns the pressure in the pulmonary trunk and aorta during diastole
How does lung perfusion work in ventilation-perfusion coupling?
Alveolar capillaries constrict where the partial pressure of oxygen is low, so blood is diverted to where the partial pressure of oxygen is high.
Respirations is adjusted by the medulla oblongata to maintain a blood pH of ______.
7.35 to 7.45
___________ is matching airflow to blood flow in the lung.
Ventilation-perfusion coupling
The cardiac disorder that is characterized by heaviness or pain in the chest caused by a temporary or reversible myocardial ischemia?
Angina pectoris
A _____ rhythm is produced if the SA node is the pacemaker.
Sinus
The term describes the amount of blood ejected by each ventricle each minute.
Cardiac output
The type of lung cancer that is least common but most deadly?
Oat cell carcinoma
The diagnostic tool that uses sound waves to visualize the heart?
ultrasound
A (n) ___________ occurs if air is introduced between the pleural membranes.
pneumothorax
Blood leaves the left atrium through what valve?
Bicuspid valve
A ______ rhythm is produced if the AV node is the ectopic focus.
Nodal
The mechanism in which skeletal muscles assist the venous return of blood to the heart?
Contraction of limb muscles
the five mechanisms that aid in venous return are pressure gradients, gravity, cardiac suction, thoracic pump, and skeletal muscle pump.
The respiratory disorder that is characterized by a loss of respiratory membrane, reducing gas exchange and lung compliance.
Emphysema.
returns blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pulmonary veins
The mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract function to ______, _____, and _______.
warm
filter
moisten incoming air
What are the two inferior chambers of the heart?
Ventricles
The Cardiac output for someone with a heart rate of 68 bpm and a stroke volume of 75 ml/beat is ________
5100 mL/min of 5.1 l/min
What is the function of the Hering-Breuer reflex?
to prevent overinflation of the lungs.
(most important in infants)
With age, more mucus accumulates in the respiratory tract because the ciliated escalator becomes less efficient.
True or False
True
What is the root word that refers to the diaphragm
phren/o