Integumentary System
During which season are people most likely to need extra vitamin D from their diet, since sunlight exposure is usually insufficient?
Winter
Astronauts living in microgravity for long periods experience significant bone loss. Which factor best explains this effect?
reduced mechanical stress on bones
How many thoracic vertebrae are found in the vertebral column? Hint: think lunchtime
12
This type of foot arch is flexible, rolls inward excessively (i.e., overpronation), and provide little shock absorption.
Low arches (flat feet)
This is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and damage to the joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Which reaction is caused by the contraction of arrector pili muscles, a response that once helped trap air for insulation and made animals appear larger to predators?
Goosebumps
Which type of bone cell is responsible for carving out old bone tissue through resorption?
Which group of vertebrae are the smallest and lightest?
Cervical vertebrae
The portion of the bony pelvis that is found superior to the pelvic brim is called _______
the false (greater) pelvis
This type of synovial joint allows for the widest range of motion, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.
Ball-and-socket joint
Vitiligo
A patient has a overall bone T-score of –1.7 on a DXA scan. Would you categorize this patient as having normal bone density, osteopenia bone density, or osteoporotic bone density?
Which condition is also called "swayback" because of an excessively inward-curving lower back?
Lordosis
Which bone in the lower limb bears the most body weight when standing?
Tibia
Moving the humerus medially toward the midline of the body at the shoulder joint is an example of which type of movement?
Adduction
Excessive consumption of orange foods can lead to a harmless yellowish-orange skin color caused by what skin pigment?
Carotene
Post-menopausal women are more likely to lose bone and become osteoporotic because of what main factor?
Loss of estrogen
What are the two secondary curves of the adult vertebral column?
Cervical and lumbar curves
This is the condition where the hip joint's ball and socket don't fit together correctly.
Hint: My mother-in-law has this condition!
Hip Dysplasia
This type of injury is a tear or sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament
Tommy John Injury
Which skin layer is only found in thick skin?
stratum lucidum
Which structures make up the supporting framework of spongy bone, forming a lattice-like network that helps reduce bone weight while providing strength?
Trabeculae
How many total bones are in the adult skeleton?
206
Scaphoid, Trapezium, Pisiform, and Triquetrum are examples of what type of bone?
Carpal bones
What are the two main types of cartilaginous joints?
Synchondroses and Symphyses