Diffusion and Osmosis Passive and Active Transport
Hypotonic, Isotonic and Hypertonic
Passive and Active Transport Cont.
100
What is the four parts of the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Sterols
100
What are channels made of?
Proteins
100
What type of transport is this? Does not require ATP, requires a concentration gradient or difference.
Passive Transport
100
What does a cell look like in a hypotonic environment and what is the movement of the water?
Movement of the water is inside the cell as it expands.
100
True or False
The higher the solute concentration the higher the osmotic pressure and the lower the solute concentration the lower the osmotic pressure
True
200
What are phospholipids consisted of? Uses the key words, hydrophilic and hydrophonic.
Phospholipid Head
Phospholipid Tail
The head is hydrophilic
and the tail is hydrophobic
200
What are the three channels we discussed in class?
Ligand gated channel
Voltage gated channel
Leak channels
200
What is the movement of solutes from an area of high concentration to and area of low concentration.
Diffusion
200
What does a cell look like in a isotonic environment? and what is the movement of the water?
The cell looks normal as water moves in and out at a constant rate.
200
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active transport uses ATP and passive transport does not, it uses a concentration gradient.
300
Name and define the two proteins located in the cell membrane.
Integral proteins: proteins that completely cross the membrane
Peripheral proteins: proteins that are seen on only one side of the membrane
300
What is a channel that open and closes i repose to a chemical messenger?
Ligand Gated Channel
300
What is simple and facilitated diffusion?
Simple: when molecules diffuse across the membrane freely.
Facilitated: requires a channel and the channel must be open
300
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What does a cell look like in a hypertonic environment and explain the movement of the water.
Water is flowing out of the cell and the cell is shrinking
300
In the sodium and potassium exchange pump, how many
Na+ ions are pumped out of the cell and how many K+ ions are pumped into the cell?
3 Na
2 K
400
What are carbohydrates function in the cell membrane?
Used to recognize the cell.
400
What is a channel that is always open, but it lets things through the membrane at a slower rate and is specific to a certain substance. Name this special channel that is located in every cell.
Leak Channel
Water Leak Channel
400
True or False. An H2O solution moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
False
400
0.9% NaCl
What is the percentage of an Isotonic Red blood Cell?
400
Where is most potassium and sodium in the body?
Most potassium inside the cell and most sodium outside of the cell.
500
What is the function of sterols in the cell membrane and name the specific sterol found in the membrane.
Adds rigidity to the membrane, more resistant to pressure.
Cholesterol.
500
What is a channel that opens and closes in response to a change in voltage. Does it stay open? How does it close?
Voltage gated channel. Stays open for only a fraction of time and closes automatically.
500
True or False.
Water moves toward an lower environment of osmotic pressure.
False
500
A red blood cell is in a solution of 3%, therefore it is ____
Hypertonic because anything higher than 0.9% is hypertonic and anything lower is hypotonic.
500
True or False. Inside of the cell is more positive than the outside of the cell due to the rate at which the sodium and potassium pump exchanges.