Integument System
What is the integumentary system?
consists of the body outer layer, skin, hair, nails, and associated glands
Where is the parathyroid gland located?
in the neck, behind the thyroid gland
what structures of the lungs facilitate gas exchange?
alveoli
What does the neurotransmitter dopamine do?
What is the contractile unit of a muscle cells?
Sarcomere
What cells produce melanin? What is their purpose?
melanocytes, meant to protect our DNA from UV rays
What two hormones are secreted by the pancreas?
Insulin and glucagon
What structure contains the vocal cords?
larynx
What is gray matter made of?
nerve soma (nerve cell bodies)
What two fibers cause muscle contraction?
actin and myosin
What layer of the skin is vascular?
Dermis
what part of the adrenal gland secretes epinephrine
medulla (internal structure)
What is tidal volume?
volume of air into and out of the lungs with a normal, involuntary breath
Define a reflex
a movement that bypasses the cognitive part of brain, you don't have to think about it
what muscle allows you to blink?
orbicularis oculi muscle
what skin structure causes fingerprints?
papillary layer of the dermis
What hormone causes the release of the egg cell during ovulation?
luteinizing hormone
What structure prevents food from going down the trachia
epiglottis
What are the immune cells of the CNS?
microglia
What ion is released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum when activated by an action potential
calcium 2+
What structure in the skin senses deep pressure and vibration?
Pacinian corpuscles, located deep in the dermis
What structure secretes gandotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), who's function is to stimulate production of causes FSH and LH?
Hypothalamus
What specific receptors in the body tell the brain the body needs air? What are they stimulated by?
acid chemo receptors detect an increase in CO2 in the blood, which lowers blood pH.
what 2 areas of the brain regulate language?
Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas
What type of muscle (between type 1 and type 2) is the rectus abdominis primarily made of?
mainly type 2 (fast twitch) muscles, characterized by white color, and short, fast bursts of activity that don't require as much oxygen.