Self-Determination Theory
What is self-determination theory?
A theory that describes the psychosocial and contextual conditions that influence people's intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Competence, relatedness, and autonomy are basic psychological needs for some human beings.
True or False
False
Who is this FOR used with?
This FOR is for occupational therapists who support the participation of autistic individuals and their families across the life span in typical daily activities.
What does function look like in the concept of autonomy and give one example?
At the functional end of the continuum, the child can freely choose goals based on his or her interests.
When does a therapist develop competence when working with a child?
When the therapist focuses on the child strengths to develop skills and abilities.
What is self-determined/autonomous motivation?
Identified as a regulation where people participate in an activity because the outcomes are personally significant.
Define Autonomy
When people have the feeling of control over circumstances and is a necessary precursor to personal volition.
Strength-based vs. Deficit-based?
What does dysfunction look like in the concept of competence and give one example?
At the dysfunctional end of the continuum, the autistic individual cannot identify strengths and does not develop mastery in new areas.
The therapist must identify the child's challenges before identifying the child's strengths.
True or False
False
What is controlled motivation?
The desire to receive rewards or avoid punishment as a result of engaging in a behavior.
Define Competence
Feeling associated with mastery and the experience that coincides with developing the mastery, which enhances self-esteem and resilience.
What is the theoretical base of this FOR?
What does function look like in the concept of relatedness and give one example?
The autistic individual demonstrates behaviors that indicate he or she values autonomy and competence and can interact with another person
This frame of reference gives occupational therapists....
Knowledge, skills, and intervention strategies to incorporate a strength-based practice for individuals with autism in their practice.
Goal achievement is directly related to people's ability to satisfy what three core psychological needs?
Autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
Define Relatedness
The connection with others, having a sense of a reciprocal relationship, shared affection, experiences, and a sense of purpose.
What are the assumptions of this FOR?
What are 3 examples of effective behaviors within autonomy-supportive behaviors of the occupational therapist?
Provides intervention that supports the development of autistic individual's goals and interests, uses assessments that comprehensively identify autistic individuals interests, once interests are identified, develop goals and uses interventions that are centered around specific interests, uses multiple means of engagement and observation to develop a communication system that can assist with revealing interests and goals with both verbal and nonspeaking autistic individuals, facilitates autonomy by offering choices in activities that incorporate interests
The focus of this intervention may be critical for.....
Long-term outcomes, including quality of life, well-being, and the ability to live a self-determined life.
Describe Autonomous motivation (autonomous self-regulation) VS. controlled motivation (controlled regulation).
Autonomous self-regulation includes:
- Intrinsic motivation: motivated by inherent enjoyment
- Interrelated regulation: Engage in behavior in line with personal goals and values
- Identified regulation: motivated by personal value of the behavior's outcomes
Controlled regulation includes:
- Introjected regulation: Motivated by internal pressures such as guilt or shame
- External regulation: Comply with external rewards
- Amotivation: State of lacking the intention to act
What is one indicator of function for the development of autonomy, one for the development of competence, and one for the development of relatedness?
Autonomy: identifies interests, ties interests to goals.
Competence: can identify strengths as a result of being autistic (enhanced performance, visual memory)
Relatedness: feels valued as an individual, advocates for needs and environmental modifications.
True or false. Occupational therapists should assume competence with nonspeaking autistic individuals.
True
What are 3 examples of ineffective competency supportive behaviors of the occupational therapist?
Why is it important to refer to people on the spectrum with identity-first language rather than person-first language? Provide an example of each.
Identity-first language includes autism as being an integral part of the individual and there is no shame in being autistic therefore there is no reason to hide behind person-first language.
Person first language: "Person with autism" or "I have autism"
Identity-first language: "Autisitc individual" or "I am autistic"