Computer Basics
Algorithms, Decomposition
Binary
Flowcharts
Using Scratch
100
What is hardware? Software?
Hardware: Any physical component of a computer
Software: Anything that gives instructions to the computer, such as an application
100
What is an algorithm?
A step-by-step set of instructions to solve a problem.
100
Binary uses these 2 numbers
1s and 0s
100
The circular/oval shape is what flowchart symbol?
Start/end
100
What button do you press to start a program in Scratch?
The green flag
200
Name 3 different port types
USB, USB-C, Headphone jack, HDMI, VGA, DP, etc.
200
What is decomposition?
Breaking a big problem into smaller, more manageable parts.
200
Computers represent ____ using binary
data (information)
200
Why do we need arrows in the flowchart?
They show the actual flow of a chart so that everything is in order
200
What are the main characters and objects in Scratch called?
Sprites
300
What is RAM?
RAM is Random Access Memory. It handles short term storage.
300
Algorithm or Decomposition?
1. Splitting a big project down into design, coding and testing
2. A family recipe
3. Writing down the tasks for the day
Decomp, Alg, Both
300
The binary number 10 makes what decimal number?
2
300
What is the diamond/rhombus shape used for?
Conditions/Decisions
300
What are the pieces you snap together to create programs called?
Blocks
400
This part of the computer handles storage (Do not say storage)
Hard drive, SSD
400
Give me an example of an algorithm
Brushing your teeth, making your bed, etc.
400
The binary number 000001010011 is what in decimal?
83
400
The parallelogram is used for what?
Input/Output of Data
400
Daily Double! You get double the points.
How do you make a comment in Scratch?
For double: What is the importance of comments?
Right click.
Comments are important so that you can make a note to yourself and others.
500
This is the "brain" of the computer, and handles most interpreting executing instructions
CPU or Central Processing Unit
500
Another term from theoretical computing! When you ignore small details and focus on the important parts of a problem, that is called
Abstraction
500
What must computers do before they can understand our code?
Compile into binary then interpret
500
If a decision has more than one path, what structure does it create?
A branch
500
Name 5 categories of Scratch blocks
