Joint Classification
Occurs when a muscle contracts suddenly and powerfully
strain
The 3 types of fibrous joints
sutures, syndesmosis, interosseous membrane
Is a synarthrosis (like a fibrous joint)
cartilaginous joint
Reduces friction, absorb shock, supply oxygen & nutrients, removes CO2 & metabolic wastes, removes microbes & debris from normal wear and tear
6 types of synovial joints
Planar, Hinge, Pivot, Condyloid, Saddle, Ball and socket
Capsular joints, with their lubricated cavity called a synovial cavity, are referred to as
synovial joints or diarthroses
Greater distance between the articulating surfaces and more dense irregular connective tissue than in a suture
Syndesmosis
Synchondrosis
Located between skin and bone, tendons and bone, ligaments and bone, or between muscles
Bursae
Allows for only flexion and extension and angular motion around one axis. (Elbow, Ankle)
Hinge Joint
Are connective tissue junctions between bones that have varying functions and range from immovable to highly movable junctions
Joints
Immovable or slightly movable and play important roles in shock absorption in the skull
Suture
...are tightly connected, either by hyaline cartilage or by fibrocartilage
articulating bones
Unique characteristic of a synovial joint is the presence of a space called …
Synovial Cavity
Reside between carpals and or Tarsals and make up most of the joints in the body
Planar
dense irregular or dense regular connective tissue structures that binds one bone to another; non-contractible tissues that resist stretching
Ligaments
Plays an important role in defining the range of motion between neighboring bones
Interosseous Membrane
Have solid connective tissue that allows little to no movement
Cartilaginous Joints
Surrounds synovial joint, encloses the synovial cavity, unites articulating bones, composed of two layers
Articular Capsule
A ball shaped surface which is also triaxial allowing for motion such as Flexion and Extension but also abduction and adduction but also rotation.
Ball and Socket
The 3 defining factors for joint classification are:
- the different structural relations of the binding tissues
- the types of connective tissues involved
- the structure of opposing surfaces
Irregular interlocking edges give them added strength and decrease their change of fracturing
Suture
is a cartilaginous joint in which the ends of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage, but the bones are connected by a broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage (occurs in midline of body)
synphysis
Prominent in the ball and socket joints of the shoulder and hip
Labra
Almost completely round and allows for angular motion around two axis allowing motion such as Flexion and Extension but also abduction and adduction.
Condyloid