Coastal Environments
Name two types of coastal erosion.
Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, solution.
The Ring of Fire is a zone of high seismic and volcanic activity around the edges of the Pacific Ocean.
Name two renewable energy sources.
Solar energy, wind energy, hydroelectric power, geothermal energy, and biomass.
Name two factors that lead to global inequalities in trade.
Resource endowment, colonial history, trade barriers, infrastructure quality, and access to technology, locational advantage, comparative advantage.
What are the names of Miss De Luca's son and dog?
Rupert and Archie.
Define longshore drift.
Longshore drift is the movement of sediment along a coast by wave action, which occurs in a zigzag pattern due to waves hitting the shore at an angle.
What is pyroclastic flow?
A pyroclastic flow is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic material that flows down the sides of a volcano during an eruption.
What is deforestation and what are its primary causes?
Deforestation is the large-scale removal of forests, primarily caused by agriculture, logging, and urbanisation.
What is Fair Trade and how does it benefit producers?
Fair trade is a system that ensures better prices, decent working conditions, and fair terms of trade for farmers and workers. It benefits producers by guaranteeing minimum prices and providing social premiums.
When is Miss De Luca's birthday?
8th February
What human activities contribute to coastal erosion?
Coastal development, removal of vegetation, sand mining, dredging, and construction of groynes or sea walls that alter natural sediment movement.
What are the primary hazards associated with hurricanes?
Strong winds, heavy rainfall, storm surges, and flooding.
Urbanisation can lead to habitat destruction, increased pollution, greater energy consumption, and strain on water and waste management systems.
What is the role of the WTO?
The WTO promotes free trade by ensuring trade agreements are adhered to, resolving disputes, and reducing trade barriers.
What high school did Miss De Luca go to?
Otumoetai College
Explain how a wave-cut platform forms.
A wave-cut platform forms when waves erode the base of a cliff, creating a wave-cut notch. Over time, the cliff collapses and retreats, leaving a flat platform at the base.
What causes tsumanis?
Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides displacing a large amount of water.
What is eutrophication and how does it affect water bodies?
Eutrophication is the excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to nutrient pollution, leading to oxygen depletion and the death of aquatic life.
How do trade blocs like the European Union impact global trade?
Trade blocs reduce tariffs and barriers between member countries, increase trade within the bloc, and create economic integration, but may also limit trade with non-members.
What style of dance did Miss De Luca do as a child?
Irish.
What is the main difference between a beach and a sand dune?
A beach is formed by the deposition of sand and pebbles by the sea, while a sand dune is formed by wind deposition of sand inland from the beach.
What is a lahar and how does it form?
A lahar is a volcanic mudflow that forms when volcanic ash mixes with water, usually from rainfall or the melting of ice or snow.
What is the difference between mitigation and adaptation in environmental management?
Mitigation involves reducing the causes of environmental problems (e.g., cutting greenhouse gas emissions), while adaptation involves adjusting to the impacts of these problems (e.g., building flood defenses).
How does debt affect developing countries?
Global debt can limit economic development, increase poverty, reduce spending on public services, and create dependence on international financial institutions.
What is Miss De Luca's favourite Taylor Swift album?
1989.